Assessment
This laboratory value is most sensitive for acute pancreatitis.
What is serum lipase?
The most common cause of peptic ulcer disease.
What is h.pylori?
An ACNP is assessing a patient with suspected acute cholecystitis. This imaging study is the preferred initial diagnostic test.
What is a right upper quadrant abdominal ultrasound?
Which organism causes the majority of catheter-associated UTIs?
What is e.coli?
A patient has:
What is the immediate next intervention?
What is IV Dextrose, IV insulin and IV calcium gluconate.
Sudden severe epigastric pain with free air under the diaphragm suggests this diagnosis.
What is Perforated ulcer
A patient with severe hyperkalemia has peaked T waves on ECG. This medication should be administered first to stabilize the cardiac membrane.
What is IV calcium gluconate?
This sign consists of periumbilical ecchymosis and may indicate hemorrhagic pancreatitis.
What is Cullen's sign?
This medication should be initiated immediately when variceal hemorrhage is suspected.
What is octreotide?
Gallstones and alcohol account for most cases of this disease.
What is pancreatitis?
Fever, flank pain, hypotension, and pyuria suggest this life-threatening condition.
A critically ill patient with severe pancreatitis develops hypoxemia, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, and no evidence of heart failure. This complication has developed.
What is acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?
A patient presents with periumbilical pain that migrates to the right lower quadrant, anorexia, nausea, and rebound tenderness at McBurney's point.
What is acute appendicitis?
This score is used to assess severity and prognosis in cirrhosis.
What is the MELD score?
Massive hematochezia with hemodynamic instability most commonly originates from this source.
What is an upper GI bleed?
Hematemesis and melena in a cirrhotic patient should raise suspicion for this diagnosis.
What are esophageal varices?
This hepatitis virus is associated with chronic infection and increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.
What is Hepatitis B?
The most life-threatening electrolyte abnormality in acute kidney injury.
What is hyperkalemia?
A cirrhotic patient with hematemesis arrives unstable. Name three immediate treatments.
What is Airway protection, octreotide infusion, ceftriaxone (prevent SBP), blood products, urgent endoscopy.
A patient presents with crampy abdominal pain, vomiting, abdominal distention, and high-pitched bowel sounds. CT reveals dilated loops of bowel with a transition point.
What is a small bowel obstruction?
The preferred imaging study for suspected nephrolithiasis in adults.
What is non-contrast CT of the abdomen and pelvis?
This physical examination finding is elicited by asking the patient to inspire while palpating the right upper quadrant and suggests acute cholecystitis.
What is Murphy's sign?
The first-line treatment for uncomplicated diverticulitis in otherwise healthy patients.
What is bowel rest and selective antibiotic use?
Diagnosis for a patient with cirrhosis who develops ascites, abdominal pain, and PMNs >250 cells/mm³.
What is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?
Fever, flank pain, and CVA tenderness are classic findings of this condition.
What is pyelonephritis?
A patient presents with:
What severity classification is most concerning?
What is acute severe pancreatitis?
An elderly patient presents with left lower quadrant pain, fever, leukocytosis, and localized tenderness. CT demonstrates colonic wall thickening with pericolic fat stranding.
What is acute diverticulitis?
A patient presents with hypotension, tachycardia, altered mental status, cool clammy skin, and decreased urine output. Regardless of the cause, these findings indicate this life-threatening physiologic state.
What is shock?
Pain out of proportion to examination findings is classic for this condition.
What is mesenteric ischemia?
An unstable patient presents with hematemesis, cirrhosis, ascites, and a history of alcohol use disorder. During the assessment, this source of bleeding should be presumed until proven otherwise.
What are esophageal varices?
A patient presents with jaundice, fatigue, elevated AST and ALT levels, and positive HBsAg and anti-HBc IgM antibodies. These serologic findings indicate this diagnosis.
What is acute Hepatitis B infection?
Name the AEIOU indications for emergent dialysis.
What is Acidosis, Electrolyte abnormality, Intoxication, Overload, or Uremia?
A patient with an upper GI bleed on pressors remains hypotensive despite receiving 2 liters of crystalloid and blood products. This laboratory value is most useful for assessing ongoing tissue hypoperfusion.
What is serum lactate?
A patient presents with severe abdominal pain, atrial fibrillation, metabolic acidosis, leukocytosis, and elevated serum lactate. CT angiography reveals an occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery. The AGACNP recognizes that delays in treatment of this disorder are associated with mortality rates exceeding 60%.
What is acute mesenteric ischemia?
A patient with new-onset atrial fibrillation becomes hypotensive, diaphoretic, and develops chest pain. This intervention is indicated immediately.
What is synchronized cardioversion?