Industrialization
What industry was Andrew Carnegie in?
Steel
Why do historians call the period of great immigration in the late 1800s to early 1900s the Gilded age?
Many immigrants came in hopes of great lives and new opportunities, but upon arrival found crowded, unsafe living and working conditions. (Gold over wood) Pretty on the outside ugly on the inside
Labor unions, muckrakers
Who made the use of the assembly line popular?
Henry Ford
Historians consider the great wave of immigration to fall under which of these three eras:
Industrial Era
Gilded Age
Progressive Era
Gilded Age
What is industrialization and what are signs that a society has industrialized
The process of a society moving from farm based to industry based living. Many new businesses, factories and industries are created, there are more jobs available and economies grow. Population moving from rural to urban.
Most immigrants came to the United States from ______________.
Europe, smaller amounts came from Asia and Mexico
Define what the progressive era is
A period of social activism and legal reform aimed at addressing the issues of the Industrial Revolution
What impact did the telephone or telegraph have on society?
Faster communication, communication over long distances
What is the difference between a robber baron and a captain of industry?
Robber barons gain and use money selfishly or shadily, captains of industry use their money to benefit others
What industry was John D. Rockefeller in?
Oil
Most immigrants in the Gilded age lived in ______________ and worked in _____________________.
tenements, factories
What are labor unions and what actions can they take if necessary?
Groups of laborers who work together to solve issues and protect rights. They can bargain or go on strike if they are unsatisfied with working conditions or wages
How did electricity change factory work?
With electric lighting in factories, workers could stay on the job late into the night. It was also cheaper than using oil lamps and more efficient than candles.
Historians consider work of muckrakers to fall under which of these three eras:
Industrial Era
Gilded Era
Progressive Era
Progressive Era
Besides laborers and money, Industrialization could not have occurred without _______________, because___________________________.
immigrants-
natural resources-
Technology-
transportation-
What was the purpose and goals of the Women's Suffrage Movement and the passing of the 19th Amendment?
Promotion and achieving of equal opportunities and political rights for women. Not only voting rights, but also empowerment and perception of the equality of genders in the US economy.
Name a muckraker of this time and how they worked to solve an issue of the progressive era
Jacob Riis (Slums)
Upton Sinclair (The Jungle)
Ida Tarbell (Wrote about Rockefeller)
What impact did the use of railroads have on the industrial revolution?
Settlement in the west. Transportation of perishable goods. Faster mail delivery. Quicker transportation of resources to the city.
What were 3 major problems of the Gilded Age?
Overcrowded cities
Bad sanitation
Monopolies/Robber barons
(dangerous working conditions, child labor)
What are the methods of mass production and how did they allow for the cost of goods to decrease?
the assembly line and interchangeable parts
1. more products made faster
2. allows for unskilled (cheaper) laborers to work in factories
3. parts are machine made, and do not require hours of hand work
What are TWO negative outcomes of urbanization from the 18th and 19th centuries?
Crime, pollution, poverty, overcrowding
What positive impact did the progressive era have on society?
National parks were created, minimum age limit on working, government oversee of food production, laws to limit monopolies
What was the Bessemer process and what impact did it have on the industrial revolution?
Made steel cheaper to make, increased the use of steel in buildings, cities, railroads, US becomes a major steel producer ( thanks to Carnegie's monopoly, US Steel)
What types of Corruption existed in the 19th century?
Bribery of congressmen by tycoons, the "spoils system", political bosses(payoffs).