Vocab
Define Progressive
a person advocating or implementing social reform or new, liberal ideas
Why did the US want to take land from Native Americans?
To make room for white settlers moving out West
What did the Chinese Exclusion Act do?
Who are John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and Cornelius Vanderbilt?
Businessmen that had monopolies on important industries (oil, steel, railroads) and became rich because of it
President Theodore Roosevelt expanded executive power to push for which Progressive Reform?
Conservation of the environment through the creation of national parks and wildlife refuges
What is a labor union?
A group of workers organizing together to improve their pay and working conditions
What was the Carlisle Indian School?
A school designed to teach Native Americans to be Americans by westernizing them and depriving them of their culture
New immigrants in the late 1800s came primarily from which two regions?
Southern and Eastern Europe (Italy, Greece, Poland, Ukraine, etc.)
Why were the late 1800s and early 1900s called the Gilded Age?
Quality of life was improving for Americans, but only for the very rich. In reality much of the US remained poor and struggled to get by.
Which Progressive Era leader believed that Black people needed to lean into agitation and confrontation with white leaders?
W.E.B. DuBois
Define assimilation
the process of becoming similar to something
What was the Dawes Act of 1887?
Law that divided Native American land into plots for families, remaining land was sold to white settlers
What were some of the reasons why new immigrants were coming to the US in the late 1800s? (push factors)
Poverty, War, Religious violence
What were the two labor unions that we examined in class?
The Knights of Labor and American Federation of Labor
What did the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute, a school founded by Booker T. Washington, teach its students?
manual skills and industrial arts
Define robber baron
A term used to describe the wealthiest men during the Gilded Age, it implies that they stole their wealth from the working class
What was the impact of the Dawes Act 1887?
Why were Americans distrustful of Chinese people in the late 1800s?
They were racist and felt like Chinese workers were taking American jobs
The Granger Movement and Populist party fought for the interests of which group of Americans?
Farmers and everyday people
What did Upton Sinclair mean when he said "I aimed at the public's heart and by accident I hit it in the stomach"?
He wrote The Jungle to expose working conditions in meatpacking plants but the public was only concerned about unsanitary conditions
Define third party
Identify at least three ways that the US forced Native Americans to assimilate in the late 1800s.
The Dawes Act and taking Native American lands, hunting buffalo/decreasing their food sources, Native American schools that deprived students of their culture, threats of violence or actual violence
What did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo say would happen to Mexican citizens living in the West and Southwest?
They had 1 year to move to Mexico or automatically become American citizens.
How did business leaders respond to the creation of labor unions in the late 1800s?
Business leaders attempted to stop unions through firing union leaders and using violence to threaten workers
To learn skills/trades, become good workers, and cooperate with white leaders