Gilded Age
Progressive Era
Imperialism (Theoretical)
Imperialism (In Practice)
Review the EOC
Final Jeopardy Question
100
Describe both vertical and horizontal integration. Which company or individual is credited with their usage?
Vertical: company controls all stages of the production and distribution of a good (Andrew Carnegie, Steel Industry)
Horizontal: when one owner controls all companies and facilities at one stage of production of a good or commodity (John D. Rockefeller, Standard Oil)
100
Define the Progressive Era.
a movement at the turn of the 20th century which sought to address the social, economic and political problems created by the prosperity of the Second Industrial Revolution and the Gilded Age. Reforms included new voting rights, laws to address corruption and trusts, safety standards for factories and housing, and more.
100
What are the economic causes of imperialism?
need for new sources of raw materials and new markets.
100
How did the USS Maine and yellow journalism contribute to American imperialism?
Yellow journalism incensed the American public against the Spanish during Cuba's fight for independence, President McKinley eventually had no choice but to ask for declaration of war.
The explosion of the USS Maine was the main event newspapers used to scare the American public and force the president to act.
100
Which provides the best evidence that Americans went to war with Spain in 1898 for humanitarian purposes?
a) anti-imperialists feared colonies would eventually become a source of cheap labor.
b)Mark Twain said "We do not intend to free but to subjugate the people of the Phillipines"
c)President Cleveland had previously refused to annex Hawaii when US landowners had overthrow Queen Liliuokalani by force.
d)Congress passed the Teller Amendment promising that the US would not annex Cuba, even if it won the war.
D
200
Describe the preconditions necessary for an industrial revolution to occur.
available labor force, abundant raw materials, plentiful land, transportation infrastructure, supportive government policies
200
What is the Social Gospel movement? Be sure to include the name of a person in your response.
a social movement within Progressivism which tried to apply Christian principles of helping others to social problems.
ex: Jane Addams setting up Hull House to help immigrants and the urban poor.
200
How did the White Man's Burden contribute to American imperialism?
some Americans thought it was their Christian duty to take American ideals, language, and culture to foreign lands and "uplift" the people there. This is an argument for imperialism and American expansion.
200
Why did the US want to build the Panama Canal?
to create a shortcut from the Atlantic to the Pacific for their naval forces and their merchant ships.
200
Which argument was used to support United States acquisition of overseas possessions in the late 1800s?
a)The United States needed to obtain raw materials and new markets.
B)The spread of Marxist ideas had to be stopped because they threatened world peace.
c)The United States should be the first world power to build a colonial empire.
d)The doctrine of Manifest Destiny had become obsolete.
A
300
Explain the role of immigrants and immigration on the United States during the Gilded Age.
-Responses will vary but topics can include: discrimination faced by immigrants after arriving in US, immigrant experience, their role in the labor force, the connection between immigration and urbanization
300
Define "muckraker". Provide 3 examples and their important work.
a journalist looking to expose the problems and corruption caused by the Second Industrial Revolution.
Ida Tarbell-The History of Standard Oil (trust busting), Jacob Riis-How the Other Half Lives (living conditions of the poor), Upton Sinclair-the Jungle (harsh conditions of immigrants and the disgusting conditions of the meatpacking industry) Lincoln Steffens-The Shame of the Cities (corruption in city gov't)
300
What were the arguments against imperialism?
-imperialism is morally wrong and against everything the United States stands for, lower wages for American workers, possessing colonies leads to rivalry and conflict with other powers
300
What is the difference between the Big Stick Policy and the Roosevelt Corollary?
The Big Stick Policy was an idea proposed by Theodore Roosevelt. Speak softly and carry and big stick. The Roosevelt Corollary is when Roosevelt uses the Big Stick Policy in practice in his dealings with Latin America and Europe.
300
The timeline below shows events from the early American labor movement.
Which completes the timeline by replacing the question mark?
a)Arrest of Eugene V. Debs
b)Collapse of American Railway Union
c) Homestead Strike at Carnegie's steelworks
d) Supreme Court applies antitrust laws to unions
C
300
Which Progressive saw the corruption of Tammany Hall and created cartoons mocking Boss Tweed in an attempt to take him down?
Thomas Nast
400
Describe the rise of political machines and their significance. Identify the most famous political machine and it's boss.
Urbanization caused new problems in cities and political machines arose to address those problems. They provided jobs and housing for immigrants in exchange for votes, had both legitimate and illegitimate businesses helping to develop cities. Highly corrupt organizations.
William 'Boss' Tweed, Tammany Hall in NYC
400
Identify and describe the Progressive Presidents.
Teddy Roosevelt: trust buster, conservationist, wanted to protect consumers from Big Business, started gov't regulation of food and drugs
William Taft: introduced 16th Amendment, making individual income taxes possible.
Woodrow Wilson: created the Federal Reserve, strengthened anti-monopoly law through the Clayton Antitrust Act, tried to make child labor illegal.
400
Describe Alfred T. Mahan's impact on American Imperialism.
Mahan wrote The Influence of Sea Power on History and argued the US needed a strong navy to become a truly great nation. To do that, the US needed colonies to support the navy and safeguard merchant ships a canal through Panama, and more trade with East Asia.
400
How did American imperialism impact Florida?
-Cuban immigrants in Florida raised money to support Jose Marti, a Cuban revolutionary.
-Tampa Bay became a staging area for American troops before shipping off to fight in the Spanish American War.
-Henry Flagler extends his railroads to Key West.
-Cuba and the new overseas colonies compete against Florida in sugar production.
400
What was the significance of the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act (1887) and the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)?
a) They encouraged Big Business to grow by passing protective tariffs.
b) They prevented poor quality goods from being shipped across state lines.
c) They were both used to break up labor unions that interfered with free enterprise.
d) They established the principle that Congress could regulate business in certain circumstances.
D
500
How great were the consequences of the rapid economic growth in the late 19th century? (Your response should be similar to a well thought out thesis statement)
Answers will vary but can include the following topics: immigration, urbanization (housing, public welfare, labor movement/working conditions, rise of political machines, Granger Movement, rise of Progressives
500
How successful was the Progressive Movement up to 1920? (Your response should be similar to a well thought out thesis statement)
responses will vary but can include topics about: changing role of the federal gov't in national issues, gov't regulatory laws, administrative reforms to end corruption, extension of voting rights, achievements of presidents, Amendments 16-19, limitations of Progressive movement.
500
Explain the cartoon. What argument is the cartoon trying to address?
An argument for imperialism, the cartoonist is showing the United States has been doing imperialist actions since it's birth. This cartoon addresses the argument that imperialism is against American ideals.
500
Explain the cartoon. What American policy would the cartoonist agree?
US annexing the Phillipines was motivated by the US desire to open trade with China.
Open Door Policy.
500
Which reform idea was a common goal of the Populists and the Progressives?
a)restoration of the nation's cities
b) expansion of opportunities for immigrants
c) improvement in the status of African Americans
d) greater control of government by the people
D) greater control of government by the people