Hepatology 1
Hepatic encephalopathy drug treatments
Lactulose (initial), rifaximin (second)
Hepatitis C–related vasculitis
Mixed cryoglobulinemia
Differential diagnosis for Gilbert syndrome
Hemolysis, drug-induced hyperbilirubinemia
Recommended tests for suspected liver fibrosis and cirrhosis
AST-to-platelet ratio index, Fibrosis-4 score, and elastography
Diagnosis suggested by fever, jaundice, tender hepatomegaly, alcohol use disorder, abdominal distention from ascites
Alcohol-associated hepatitis
HCC screening test in patients with cirrhosis
Ultrasonography and AFP measurement every 6 months
HCC screening in at-risk patients with hepatitis B and no cirrhosis
Ultrasonography and AFP measurement every 6 months
Nonpharmacologic MASLD treatment
Weight loss, diet modification, and moderate exercise
Causes of high elastography scores
ALT >100 U/L, hepatic congestion or severe steatosis, infiltrative disorders, bile duct obstruction
Diagnosis suggested by elevated alkaline phosphatase and positive antimitochondrial antibody
PBC
Medical treatment for ascites
Sodium restriction, spironolactone, furosemide
Hepatitis C treatment indication
All patients with infection (unless short life expectancy)
Most common antibiotic causing cholestatic liver damage
Amoxicillin-clavulanate
Diagnosis suggested by hepatomegaly, caudate lobe hypertrophy, ascites, RUQ pain
Budd-Chiari syndrome
Amebic liver abscess diagnostic tests
Liver imaging, E. histolytica serologic testing
Cirrhosis-related bone disease and screening test
Osteoporosis, DXA
Hepatitis B vertical transmission prevention drug
Tenofovir
Most common cause of ALF
Acetaminophen overdose
Hepatopulmonary syndrome test
Echocardiography with administration of agitated saline
Alcohol-associated hepatitis indications for prednisolone
MELD score >20
Liver transplantation indications
Acute liver failure, MELD 3.0 score ≥15, decompensated cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma
Recommended hepatitis C pretreatment assessment
Cirrhosis assessment with serologic biomarkers and/or elastography
Diagnosis suggested by ALF, neuropsychiatric symptoms, Coombs-negative hemolytic anemia in patient <40 years
Wilson disease
Mandatory test in patients with cirrhosis with new-onset ascites
Diagnostic paracentesis
Ascites leukocyte count diagnostic for SBP
≥250/µL