A reliable starting point from which accurate measurements of the earth's size can be made
What is "datum"? pp 12,72
100
An outdoor treasure hunt where participants use GPS and other navigational methods to hide and seek containers throughout the globe
What is "geocaching"? containers are called "geocaches" p4,5
100
moving from a three-dimensional object to a two dimensional object (taken from page 11)
What is "projection"? p11,63-66
100
In mapping, the size relationship or ratio between the map document and the portion of the earth it represents
What is "scale"? pp11,12,62
100
X x 0 = 0; 1/25 x 25 = 1
What is the "zero property" p10; What are "reciprocals"? p10
200
In topographical analysis the top of a hill or mountain, indicated by the highest elevational value occupying the feature
What is the "summit"? p 6
200
The highest level of data measurement; it includes an absolute starting point and allows ratios of values to be produced (e.g., salaries).
What is a "ratio"? pp 10,35
200
A network of parallel and perpendicular lines used for determining location of the surface of the earth
What is a "grid"? pp 11,105,253
200
Comparative data with a relatively high degree of accuracy, but with an arbitrary starting point (e.g., degrees Centigrade)
What is "interval"? pp10,35
200
a + b = b + a
a x b = b x a
What is the "commutative property" of addition and multiplication? p10
300
A form of topographic feature that requires specification of the minimum height and some formal definition of the height to distance ratio to be classified as such. Definitions vary but usually contain these typical attributes.
What is a "mountain"?
300
A level of data measurement that is based on a specific problem set and an estimate of the level of compliance within it. These are often estimated by interpolating based on a known minimum and a known maximum but with no measureable numbers for internal numbers.
What is a "scalar"? pp 10,36
300
Level of data measurement that is noncomparative, usually representing a description or name
What is "nominal"? pp 10,35
300
rise over run; change in elevation over distance
What is "slope"? p6
300
a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c
a x (b x c) = (a x b) x c
What is the "associative property" of addition and multiplication? p 10
400
a reference system that uses latitude and longitude to determine the locations of objects on the surface of the earth.
What is a "geographic grid"? p 13
400
In GIS the precise utilization of words as descriptors of entities and attributes as they are encoded inside the computer and employed during analysis
What is "ontology"? p 5
400
The condition where objects are linked explicitly to geographic locations on the surface of the earth
What is "geographically referenced"?
400
The computer stores all geographic data as _________.
What is "numbers"? p10
400
a + 0 = a
a x 1 = a
What is the "identity property" of addition and multiplication?
500
Ranked data (e.g., good, better, best) that are comparable only within a given spectrum
What is "ordinal"? pp 10,35
500
The ability to recognize the spatial properties or nature of a problem
What is "spatial cognition"? pp8-9
500
The frequencies or numbers of occurrences of objects within a particular area
What are "distributions"? p8
500
Software and mathematical queries used in GIS conform to the basic properties of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Therefore, a review of basic _____________ should be done
What is "algebra"? (Thank God it isn't calculus:)
500
{a(b + c) = a x b + a x c or (b + c)a = b(a) + c(a)}