Introduction
What is Glaucoma?
Glaucoma is an eye condition that can result in blindness and visual loss by harming the optic nerve at the back of the eye.
What does Glaucoma affect?
It’s a chronic eye condition that affects the optic nerve.
What is IOP
Intraocular pressure
To reduce the risk of falls client should use?
assisted devices and contrasting colors
What is a medication for glaucoma?
Pilocarpine
Carbachol
Glaucoma is a complex group of eye disorders rather than one singular eye disorder. True or False
TRUE!
Risk Factors
Age: Glaucoma risk increases with age.
Family history: Genetic predisposition matters.
Diabetes and myopia (nearsightedness) are additional risk factors.
Eyes that bulge, copious tears, and very high light sensitivity (photophobia)
Sports such as baseball, basketball and football are recommended for glaucoma patients true or false
FALSE!
Open-angle glaucoma can result in what?
Might result in complete blindness if treatment is not receive
True or False: Glaucoma has early symptoms
False
Common Symptoms
Gradual peripheral vision loss
Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP)
What do most patients with Glaucoma experience?
Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), which damages the optic nerves in their eyes.
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with glaucoma. Which activities does the nurse instruct the client to avoid? Select all that apply.
A. Bending over to tie shoes
B. Sitting with legs elevated
C. Sleeping on more than two pillows
D. Blowing the nose frequently
E. Lifting objects weighing more than 10 pounds
A. Bending over to tie shoes
D. Blowing the nose frequently
E. Lifting objects weighing more than 10 pounds
Any action that would increase pressure in the eye should be avoided, such as bending over, excessive blowing of the nose, and lifting heavy objects.
True or False you should track the function of the optic nerve and intraocular pressure
Who is most likely to get Glaucoma?
Adults over 60, African Americans over 40, diabetics, and those with a family history of glaucoma.
True or False: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the world.
TRUE!
and only half of the people with the disease know that they have it.
Which of the following medications are Cholinergic Agonists? Select all that apply.
A. betaxolol
B. latanoprost
C. pilocarpine
D. echothiopate
E. carbachol
C. pilocarpine
E. carbachol
Pilocarpine and carbachol are cholinergic agonists.
upright slightly elevated
What is closed-angle glaucoma?
an urgent medical concern. Emergency care is needed ASAP after symptoms occur because vision loss can occur in as little as two or three hours. The symptoms of closed-angle glaucoma appear suddenly.
What causes Glaucoma?
Damage to the optic nerve causes glaucoma.
True or False: Glaucoma damages your peripheral vision, or side vision, first.
TRUE.
If the glaucoma remains untreated, the vision loss creeps in toward the center, first causing tunnel vision, and eventually, blindness.
True or False: To catch glaucoma in the early signs, it's best to see your doctor once you notice changes in your vision.
FALSE
Glaucoma gives few warning signs or symptoms until permanent damage has already occurred. Regular eye exams are the key to detecting glaucoma early enough for successful preventive treatment.
A patient with glaucoma is receiving pilocarpine. What patient teaching does the nurse provide to decrease the possible cardiac adverse effects?
A) Administer the medication at bedtime.
B) Apply pressure to the lid after application.
C) Apply pressure to the lacrimal sac after application.
D) Administer the medication every 3 hours.
C. Apply pressure to the lacrimal sac after application.
Application of pressure to the lacrimal sac decreases the systemic absorption of the medication thus, assisting in the prevention of cardiac adverse effects.
Who is most at risk for glaucoma? Select all that apply.
A) Individuals who are black and over age 40
B) Family history of glaucoma
C) Prolonged corticosteroid use
D) Patient with myopia
E) Patient with diabetes mellitus
A) Individuals who are black and over age 40
B) Family history of glaucoma
C) Prolonged corticosteroid use
D) Patient with myopia
E) Patient with diabetes mellitus
All answer choices are correct per the medical surgical book.