Geography & Global History
What is geography?
The study of places and the relationships between people and their environments.
Provide an example of epic poetry created in Ancient Greece.
The Odyssey & The Iliad
How did geography help Rome grow?
River/Mediterranean Sea: made it easier to travel, conquer, and trade.
Mountains: City states were united, protected Rome from invasions in the North
Plains: Grew wheat, grapes, and olives
Who was Augustus (Octavian)?
Augustus, also called Octavian, was the first emperor of Rome.
What were vassals?
People who received land in exchange for loyalty and military service.
What is the difference between monotheism and polytheism?
Also, provide an example of each type of religion.
Monotheism: Belief in one god (Ex: Christianity, Islam, Judaism)
Polytheism: Belief in many gods (Ex: Greek mythology, Hinduism)
Why did Greek city-states fight each other?
Fought over land, power, ideas, and resources
What was a domus?
Large homes that the rich lived in with courtyards, gardens, and multiple rooms
Provide two similarities between Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
Monotheistic religion
Abrahamic religion
Holy Books
Important holidays in the religion
Why were the Early Middle Ages called the Dark Ages?
Little historical documentation compared to Roman times, making that era hard for historians to study.
Explain two ways geography impacted Ancient Greece.
Creation of many polis with different ideas and cultures; made farming difficult; sea traders; mountains made it hard to travel
How did Greek mythology affect daily life?
People prayed to gods for help, explained natural events with myths, and built temples to honor the gods.
What are two ways that the Etruscans influenced Rome?
Change Rome from a little farming village to a city state
Built a wall around the city
Created the first sewage system in Rome
Adopted the Etruscan alphabet
Explain three reasons for the fall of the Roman Empire.
Change in leadership during to sickness, assassination
Invasion from the Huns and other Germanic tribes
Unloyalty in the military
Spread of Christianity - leading to the building of churches rather than building better infrastructure
What is the difference between Sunni and Shia, and how do the difference affect the world today?
Sunni: Any religious leader can lead the Muslim community (not just descendants of Muhammad)
Shia: Only descendants of Muhammad can lead the Muslim Community.
The differences sometimes lead to political and religious conflicts in parts of the Middle East.
Provide an example of a primary source we studied in class this year.
Provide an example of a secondary source we used in class this year.
Primary Source: Bible, Qur'an, frescos (paintings in Minoan culture)
Secondary Sources: BrainPop videos, textbook readings
Who was Pericles?
An Athenian leader during the Golden Age and the Peloponnesian War
Why were the Twelve Tables important for ordinary Romans?
Set of written laws that protected citizens in the Roman Republic
What are the Five Pillars of Islam?
Make A Testimony of Faith (declare that there is one God)
Prayer (5 times a day)
Charity
Fasting during Ramadan
Pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj)
What was Europe like during the Middle Ages?
Divided into small kingdoms (geography), feudal system
What are the three reasons why we study Global History?
Understanding: Helps us understand diverse cultures and perspectives.
Connection: Shows how people and events from different parts of the world are connected.
Learning: Teaches us how past events shape our present and future.
Compare Sparta and Athens in government, education, and economy.
Government: Athens was a democracy, Sparta was an oligarchy
Education: Sparta focused on the military, Athens focused on education and democracy.
Economy: Athens valued trade, and Sparta had enslaved people who grew crops.
How did the Roman Republic lay the foundation for modern democracies?
The Roman Republic helped create modern democracies by allowing citizens to elect representatives to help govern.
The Roman Republic also influenced modern governments through its system of written laws, such as the Twelve Tables, which protected citizens' rights.
Explain how trade and cultural exchange along the Silk Road changed the world.
It connected different cultures through trade and the exchange of ideas.
Explain how feudalism provided both protection and limitations for people living in medieval Europe.
Feudalism provided protection because lords and knights defended people from invasions and maintained order in a time of weak governments.
Feudalism limited freedom because serfs worked the land for lords and had very few rights or opportunities to improve their lives.