Enlightenment/
Scientific Revolution
Scientific Revolution
Astronomer put on trial by the Catholic Church because his ideas contradicted (went against) its teachings.
Galileo Galilei
Document written during the French Revolution that gave equal rights to the men of France and created a fair system of taxation.
Declaration of the Rights of Man
This means the growth of cities.. More access to jobs in factories but leads to severe pollution from the smoke from factories.
Urbanization
Over 90% of Africa was taken over by European countries that raced to take over the continent.
Scramble for Africa
Write TWO causes of WWI
Militarism.
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Archduke Ferdinand Assassination
Mathematician and astronomer who developed calculus and the theory of gravity (Three laws of..)
Sir Isaac Newton
An event where the leaders of the French Revolution executed thousands of people that they believed were loyal to the king led by the Jacobins.
Reign of Terror
This economic ideology means that businesses and factories should be owned by individuals (NOT the government).
Laissez Faire Capitalism
Rebellion in which India tried to gain independence from Great Britain (England).
Sepoy Mutiny
This was the Treaty that ended World War I. Germany was forced to accept blame for causing World War I.
Treaty of Versailles
Write two EFFECTS of the Scientific Revolution
- spread of new ideas throughout Europe.
- challenged the traditional authority (power) of the Catholic Church
- dramatic change in how people viewed the world.
- science and reason (logic) were used to explain how the world worked.
- The people of the Third Estate were mostly peasants. They were angry that they had very few rights and paid the highest taxes
- France was ruled by absolute monarchs.
- Economic crisis- The kings spent too much money and put France in debt.
- The ideas of the Enlightenment inspired the French people to overthrow their unfair kings
This economist believed.. all of history has been about class struggles. The Proletariat should rise up, overthrow the bourgeoisie.
Karl Marx
Racist poem that encouraged Europeans to civilize (help improve) the people with European customs and religious beliefs (Christianity). The poem referred to the people of Asia and Africa as “half devil” and “half child.”
White Man’s Burden
This was the radical (extreme) group that was leading the Russian Revolution.
Bolsheviks
He believed that all people have natural rights (the right to life, liberty, and property). He also said that people have the right to overthrow governments that fail to protect these rights.
John Locke
The code did not allow privileges based on birth (such as nobility).It allowed freedom of religion, a system of Civil service where government jobs would go to the most qualified.
Napoleonic Code
the capitalist class who own most of society's wealth and means of production.
Bourgeoisie
British began smuggling this drug into China..
Opium
Stalin tried to modernize (update) the industry (factories) and agriculture (farms) of the Soviet Union by setting economic goals every five years under this plan
Five-Year Plans
He believed that society is a social contract (an agreement in which all people agree to work for the common good of society).
Rousseau
Determined the shape of Europe after the Napoleonic wars, extended the peace with France, gave France back to the monarchy.
Congress of Vienna
The Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain (England) because...
favorable geography. it had many natural resources (coal, waterways) that are necessary to produce and transport goods.
This was the idea that it was natural for strong countries (like the European nations) to take over weaker countries (like nations in Africa and Asia).
Social Darwinism
Stalin took over the individual farms that people owned and forced people to live on large government farms that were owned by the government.
Collectivization