Early Empires (China, Persia, Egypt and Nubia)
This Persian king created a large empire and allowed conquered peoples to keep their religions.
Who was Cyrus?
A government in which citizens elect representatives to govern.
What is a republic?
This group of peasants was forced to work the land for Spartan citizens.
Who were helots?
An official elected to protect the rights of plebeians.
What is a tribune?
Aristocratic landowners who held most political power in early Rome.
Who were patricians?
This Persian ruler divided the empire into provinces and used satraps to govern.
Who is Darius?
A city-state in ancient Greece, made up of a city and surrounding countryside.
What is a polis?
This Greek city-state focused on military strength and discipline.
What is Sparta?
One of two officials elected each year to lead Rome and command the army.
What is a consul?
Common farmers, artisans, and merchants in Roman society.
Who were plebeians?
This Chinese ruler unified China and became known as the First Emperor.
Who is Shi Huangdi?
A government ruled by a small group of noble families.
What is an aristocracy?
This Greek city-state developed a limited democracy.
What was Athens?
The aristocratic branch of Roman government that advised leaders and passed laws.
What is the senate?
The oldest male who served as the head of a Roman household.
Who was the paterfamilias?
This Confucian idea stressed respect for parents and elders as the foundation of society.
What is fillial piety?
A government ruled by a few powerful people, often merchants.
What is an oligarchy?
This side-by-side military formation was used by Greek foot soldiers.
What is a phalanx?
A Roman leader given absolute power during emergencies for a limited time.
What is a dictator?
A country home that is owned by wealthy Romans.
What is a villa?
This Nubian king conquered Egypt and ruled as a pharaoh.
Who was Piankhi?
A government in which citizens rule directly rather than through representatives.
What is direct democracy?
These wars were fought between Greece and the Persian Empire.
What was the Persian Wars?
A military unit of about 5,000 Roman soldiers.
What is a legion?
A forced laborer in Roman society, often captured during war.
What is a slave?