Documents
The document that created the colony of Georgia; issued by King George II and outlined the reasons for settlement
Charter of 1732
Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme court who ruled in favor of the Cherokee in the Worcester vs. Georgia case; President Andrew Jackson refused to enforce the Supreme Court’s ruling.
John Marshall
Civil War battle; September 18-20, 1863; Confederate victory; pushed Union troops back into Chattanooga, Tennessee.
Battle of Chickamauga
Translator between James Oglethorpe and Tomochichi
Mary Musgrove
One of the 21 members of the trustees who established Georgia; only trustee to come to the colony and served as the military and governmental leader of the colony.
James Oglethorpe
A document issued during the Civil War that declared all enslaved people in the rebellious states would be freed if the South did not return to the Union by January 1, 1863.
Emancipation Proclamation
(1954) Supreme Court cases that struck down the policy of separate but equal and mandated the desegregation of public schools.
Brown v. Board of Education
(February 14, 1779) Small Revolutionary War battle in Georgia where patriot forces, led by Elijah Clarke, defeated 600 loyalists; one of the few patriot victories in the state.
Battle of Kettle Creek
Chief of the Yamacraw Indians. Befriended James Oglethorpe and allowed him to establish the colony of Georgia on Yamacraw territory.
Tomochichi
The 16th president of the United States; he preserved the Union during the U.S. Civil War and brought about the emancipation (freedom) of enslaved people.
Abraham Lincoln
A three-part document issued in 1776 that discusses the natural rights of people, explains the wrongs committed by King George, and dissolves all connection between the American colonies and England.
Declaration of Independence
(1892) Supreme Court case that established the separate but equal doctrine thus promoting segregation.
Plessy v. Ferguson
(September 16, 1779-October 18, 1779) - a failed attempt by the Patriots to recapture Savannah during the American Revolution
Siege of Savannah
Creek chief who illegally signed the Second Treaty of Indian Springs; was murdered by his tribesmen for this action.
William McIntosh
7th President of the United States who was an advocate of Indian Removal.
Andrew Jackson
A royal proclamation issued after the French & Indian War that forbade English colonists from settling newly acquired land west of the Appalachian Mountains.
Proclamation of 1763
(1857) Supreme Court ruling that declared enslaved people were not citizens of the United States.
Dred Scott v. Sanford (Dred Scott case)
A Union military campaign led by William T. Sherman from May 1864-September 1864 with the Atlanta as the ultimate objective; Sherman’s army marched from Chattanooga to Atlanta. Included the battles of Dalton (Union victory), Resaca (Union victory), and Kennesaw Mountain (Confederate victory; only Union loss during the campaign).
Atlanta Campaign
Principal Chief of the Cherokee Indians who tried to use legal means to fight against removal.
John Ross
He invented the cotton gin in 1793 that quickly removed seeds from the cotton fibers.
Eli Whitney
America’s first written constitution; had many limitations that hindered the smooth functioning of the government.
Articles of Confederation
(1832) Supreme Court case which declared that the Cherokee were an independent nation and not subject to the laws of the United States. Andrew Jackson refused to enforce the Court’s decision and the Cherokee were later removed from Georgia.
Worcester v. Georgia
(1742) Spain decided to attack and destroy the young Georgia colony. The Spanish attacked St. Simon’s Island but were soundly defeated by the colonists and their Indian allies; Highland Scots fought in this battle.
Battle of Bloody Marsh
Mississippians had this type of society with their leader at the top, a small group of elites under him, and the rest of society as commoners.
chiefdom
A U.S. Civil War Union Army leader known for laying waste to Georgia and other Southern states.
William T. Sherman