GoPo math
This fraction is the basis for a now irrelevant (& now unconstitutional) compromise that came out of the Convention.
What is 3/5 ?
Latin term for "to have the body," a right to appear in court before a judge
What is habeas corpus?
This procedure has only been invoked against the president three times in US history:
What is impeachment?
The 14th Amendment joins the 13th and 15th Amendments in this historical category of amendments:
What are the Civil War Amendments?
Policies that involve spending and taxing:
What is fiscal policy?
This US state comprises over 10% of the total membership in the H.O.R
What is California?
This unconstitutional practice is the process of punishing someone for an act before it was illegal.
What is ex post facto?
The 15 heads of this extension of the Executive Branch must be confirmed by the Senate:
What is the Cabinet?
This important clause of the 14th Amendment is the main vehicle behind many landmark civil rights cases:
What is the Equal Protection Clause?
The total amount of goods and services produced by a nation state:
What is gross domestic product, or GDP?
This "supermajority" fraction is used to propose amendments in Congress AND override a president's veto.
What is 2/3 ?
This latin term means "let the decision stand," often in reference to upholding precedent.
What is stare decisis?
Congressional committees develop laws, but also perform this important process of government accountability:
What is oversight?
The 14th Amendment identifies the three ways to attain citizenship: by blood, by soil, and this application process:
What is naturalization?
Spending on non-discretionary items, such as Medicare and Social Security:
What is mandatory spending?
This type of grant uses mathematic calculations to doll out cash to the states.
What is a formula grant?
A "friend" of the US Supreme Court might file this type of brief.
What is amicus curiae?
Congress can use this power to control spending with the other two branches:
What is the power of the purse?
Gitlow v. New York was the first use of the Supreme Court using this process to extend BOR protections to states.
What is selective incorporation?
A term for funds going to a political party for general purposes, or party building; once banned by the McCain-Feingold Act.
What is soft money?
Once done by hand, this manipulation of congressionally reapportioned districts is now done by computers.
What is gerrymandering?
Segregation can take two forms: de jure (legal) and this more informal type that is often not sanctioned by a government:
What is de facto?
The procedure used to end a filibuster in the Senate
What is cloture?
It doesn't just protect people; the 14th Amdt. also protects these quasi-human entitites that pay dividends to shareholders.
What are corporations?
A type of bill passed by Congress to authorize spending to various government agencies. The House and Senate also have committees named after this:
What is appropriations?