Constitution
What are the starting words of the constitution?
We the people.
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
Which Amendment(s) does this court case face?
The first Amendment (freedom of speech)
Amendment
a formal or official change, addition, or correction made to a legal document, law, contract, or constitution.
What are the 3 branches of government?
Legislative, Executive, Judicial
What are the first 10 Amendments called?
The bill of rights
What is the start of the constitution called?
What does it state?
Preamble
Purpose and goals of the constitution
New Jersey V. T.L.O.
Which Amendment(s) does this court case face?
The 4th Amendment (searches and seizers)
Due Process
is a fundamental constitutional guarantee that the government must act fairly and follow established legal rules before depriving any person of life, liberty, or property
What is Article 1 of the constitution (Congress) control?
Makes federal laws, Pass bills, controls, collect taxes, appropriations, and has oversight powers(Impeachment)
What is one of the two ways that an Amendment can be proposed?
By either a 2/3 majority vote by both Congress and the House of Representatives.
Or
By a national convention application of 2/3s of the States legislatures (34 of 50 states)
What year was the constitution written and ratified? (two different years)
Written in 1787
Ratified on June 21st 1788
Gideon vs. Wainwright
Which Amendment(s) does this court case face?
The 6th amendment(right to council) and the 14th amendment(Due Process) .
Supremacy clause
the Supremacy Clause resolves conflicts when valid federal law conflicts with state law.
What is a power of the president as disclosed in article 2 of the constitution.
Executes laws, Veto legislation, Control of armed forces, Appoints officials (Cabinet positions), Foreign policy.
What is the vote or action needed for an Amendment to be ratified?
1.State Legislatures: A constitutional amendment is ratified when approved by 3/4ss of the states (38 out of 50)
2. State Ratifying Conventions: Approved by special-purpose conventions elected in three-fourths of the states (Used only once- Bonus question: What is the only amendment that used this format?)
What is popular sovereignty?
Government authority comes from the people.
Which amendment lets people vote regardless of the their race, color, or pervious condition of servitude.
The 15 Amendment.
Bonus, which amendment lets women vote?
Precedent
is an earlier event, action, or judicial decision that serves as an example, guide, or authority for handling similar situations or legal cases in the future.
What is a power of the Federal courts or Article 3 of the constitution?
Resolve cases, Interpret law, Judicial review
The 26th Amendment lowered the voting age from 21 to 18, what was the main argument for this?
If citizens could go to war to fight, they should have their voices heard in government through voting. (The draft age was 18)
What does Article V describe?
How to create Amendments to the constitution, to effectively change or "Amendment" it.
Name 6 of the 10 bill of rights Amendments
1. Freedom of speech, 2. Bare arms, 3. No quartering soldiers, 4. Searches and seizers, 5. Fair treatment under law, 6. Right to attorney + fair trail, 7. Trails by peers, 8. Excessive bail and no cruel punishment, 9. Rights not in constitution, 10. Power not federal belongs to states.
Federalism
power is divided between federal and state governments.
What is an example of checks and balances
President veto or legislative branch, Congressional override of the President, Judicial review of Constitutionality of Congress or the President.
What are some of the reasons for Amendments, or Constitutional change?
The Constitution has been amended in response to political conflict, social movements, and changing understandings of rights.
Bonus what are the 13th-15th amendments known as?