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Bethel School District #43 v. Fraser (1987)
Students do not have a First Amendment right to make obscene speeches in school.
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
Indigent defendants must be provided representation without charge.
Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
Illegally obtained material cannot be used in a criminal trial.
New York Times v. Sullivan (1964)
In order to prove libel, a public official must show that what was said against them was made with actual malice.
Texas v. Johnson (1989)
Even offensive speech such as flag burning is protected by the First Amendment.
Board of Education of Independent School District #92 of Pottawatomie County v. Earls (2002)
Random drug tests of students involved in extracurricular activities do not violate the Fourth Amendment
Goss v. Lopez (1975)
Students are entitled to certain due process rights.
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Established the doctrine of judicial review.
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Upheld racial segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine.
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
Students do not leave their rights at the schoolhouse door.
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
Separate schools are not equal.
Grutter v. Bollinger (2003)
Colleges and universities have a legitimate interest in promoting diversity.
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
The Constitution gives the federal government certain implied powers.
Roper v. Simmons (2005)
It is cruel and unusual punishment to execute persons for crimes they committed before age 18.
U.S. v. Nixon (1974)
The President is not above the law.
Cooper v. Aaron (1958)
States cannot nullify decisions of the federal courts.
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)
Administrators may edit the content of school newspapers.
Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
Police must inform suspects of their rights before questioning.
Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe (2000)
Students may not use a school's loudspeaker system to offer student-led, student-initiated prayer.
Vernonia School District v. Acton (1995)
Random drug tests of student-athletes is not an unreasonable search and seizure.
Engel v. Vitale (1962)
School initiated-prayer in the public school system violates the First Amendment.
Loving v. Virginia
Virginia’s law against interracial marriages was unconstitutional.
New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985)
Students have a reduced expectation of privacy in school.
Terry v. Ohio (1968)
Stop and frisks do not violate the Constitution under certain circumstances.
Zelma v. Simmons-Harris (2002)
Certain school voucher programs are constitutional.