Key People and Documents
Who is, The man, the myth, the legend?
George Washington
What are the 3 branches of government?
legislative, executive, judicial
Describe how "The Separation of Powers" works?
distribute the power of government into separate but equal branches, and create checks and balances between them to make sure one branch is not more powerful than another
What is the 1st amendment?
freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom to peacefully protest
what is the second amendment?
The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be interfered with.
What was Shays Rebellion?
the uprising in western Massachusetts in opposition to high taxes and unfair treatment of veterans
What is the Constitution?
a document that serves as the fundamental law of the country and the second attempt at a governing document
Describe the Executive Branch?
consists of the President, his or her advisors and is responsible for enforcing laws
What is an advocate for a strong central government called?
A Federalist
What is the 4th amendment?
The people are protected against search and seizure without a warrant.
what is the 10th amendment?
All powers not given by the Constitution to the U.S. nor forbidden to the states are reserved to the states or to the people.
What was the great compromise?
provided a dual system of congressional representation.
Senate= to votes per state
House of representatives= representatives assigned based on population
What are the Articles of Confederation?
The first constitution of the 13 independent American colonies, had a weak central government
Describe the Judicial Branch?
comprises the Supreme Court and is charged with deciding the meaning of laws, how to apply them to real situations, and whether a law breaks the rules of the Constitution.
Who opposed the ratification of the 1787 U.S. Constitution because they feared that the new national government would be too powerful?
An Anti-Federalist
What is the 8th amendment?
Very high bail, stiff fines, or cruel punishment are forbidden.
what is the 9th amendment?
Just because certain rights of the people have been stated in the Constitution does not mean that they do not still have others not mentioned there.
what was the uprising in western Massachusetts in opposition to high taxes and stringent economic conditions
Shays Rebellion
What was the 9th state to ratify the constitution?
New Hampshire
Describe the Legislative Branch?
made up of the House and Senate, known as the Congress. It makes all laws, declares war, regulates interstate and foreign commerce and controls taxing and spending
What is the Bill of Rights?
the first 10 Amendments to the Constitution that spells out Americans' rights in relation to their government
What is the 5th amendment?
the right to a jury trial when you're charged with a crime, protection against double jeopardy, protection against self-incrimination, the right to a fair trial, and protection against the taking of property by the government without compensation.
What is the 7th amendment?
A jury trial is provided for in civil suits
What was meeting to address the problems of the weak central government that existed under the Articles of Confederation.
The Constitutional Convention
What was the difference between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan?
Virginia Plan favored the larger states and had representation based on a states population. New Jersey Plan favored smaller states and had each state only have one representative/vote
How do checks and balances work?
laws that enable each branch to keep the others in line, In order to make sure that one branch didn't become too powerful,
Examples may vary
(THE DAILY DOUBLE) What is the Difference Between a Democracy and a Republic? What about our government has both?
Republic- form of government in which a state is ruled by representatives of the citizen body
Democracy- laws are made directly by the voting majority
what is the 3rd amendment?
No soldier in time of peace shall be assigned to live in a private home without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war except in a lawful manner.
what is the 6th amendment?
A fair and speedy trial for the accused is guaranteed in criminal cases.
Describe the 3/5th's compromise?
every enslaved American would be counted as three-fifths of a person for taxation and representation purposes
Who was Washington's secretary of state?
Thomas Jefferson
What are the different term limits for the following:
House of Rep
Senator
President
Supreme court judge
House of Rep = 2
Senator = 6
President = 4
Supreme court judge = Life
How does Congress overrule a presidential veto?
2/3rd's majority
Tavion walked into his home after a long day at school to see 15 police officers — 5 were making dinner, 6 were playing video games, and 4 were unpacking their bags in his bedroom! When he inquired, they told him they were moving in! What amendment was violated?
3rd
Kevin, the star football player, was walking home late one night after practice when he decided to take a shortcut. He walked through his neighbor’s backyard, who called the police on him for trespassing. Kevin was found guilty and was sentenced to 10 years in prison.
8th
What were some pieces of advice Washington left for us in his farewell address?
His key points were to warn Americans against the danger of political parties, to remain neutral in foreign conflicts and to celebrate their achievements.
Who was Washington's secretary of the treasury?
Alexander Hamilton
Explain the process of how a bill becomes law?
you have an idea and you write congressman, brought to committee for discussion on capitol hill, proposes bill to house, then senate, signed by president, then law.
What is an executive order and how is its constitutionality controversial?
A bill issued by the president that automatically becomes a Law, depending on what is used for it could be seen as problematic and making the president too powerful
Layla is arrested because she has overdue parking tickets. The judge orders that Layla’s trial start in 8 years, and she will need to remain in prison until then. Which amendment would Layla argue was being violated?
6th
Angelina is furious over her city’s latest attempt to cover up a major waste of taxpayer money. As a result, the city has refused to allow town meetings on the subject. Angelina begins to collect signatures from local citizens who agree with her disgust in her local government. The city’s refusal to allow town meetings and Angelina’s effort to collect signatures are both protected by the Bill of Rights.
1st
What is the Northwest Ordinance, and how did it reflect the ideals of Thomas Jefferson and Revolutionary war Veterans?
The Northwest Ordinance provided a method for admitting new states to the Union in the northwest territory. It listed a bill of rights that reflected the values of life liberty property education and equality shared by veterans farmers and Thomas Jefferson