Enlightenment Ideas
The most influential Enlightenment thinker when it comes to the Declaration of Independence
Who is John Locke?
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness
What are Natural Rights (Declaration of Independence/Thomas Jefferson's Version)?
What is "no power to tax"?
Power is divided between state and national governments
What is Federalism?
A power left to the states
Life, Liberty, and Property
What are Natural Rights (John Locke's Version)?
The main writer of the Declaration of Independence
Who is Thomas Jefferson?
The spark that revealed to many that the Articles of Confederation were too weak to govern the United States
What is Shay's Rebellion?
The idea that slaves are property AND count towards the population, but not as a whole person
What is the 3/5ths Compromise?
A power explicitly given to the federal government by the Constitution
What is Expressed Powers?
Individuals consent to surrender some freedoms and obey authority in exchange for protected rights, social order, and mutual benefits
What is the social contract?
How a government gets power according to the Declaration of Independence.
What is the consent of the governed?
State militias did everything
What is "No military"?
The creation of two houses of Congress
What is the Great Compromise?
Power divided into three distinct branches
What is Seperation of Powers?
What is the purpose of government?
To protect natural rights
What does Jefferson say is the RIGHT of all people if their government fails to protect natural rights?
To overthrow or replace it
Issues with State vs. State lawsuits
What is "no federal court system"?
No one is above the law
What is limited government?
Federal courts decide if a law is unconstitutional
What is judicial review?
Almost impossible to pass new laws, change the Articles
New Laws Required 9 of 13 States, ALL states must agree to change the Articles
Power from the people
What is Popular sovereignty?
Congress can make all laws necessary and proper for executing its enumerated powers
What is the Elastic Clause/Necessary and Proper Clause?