Oligarchy
Oligarchy - definition
A government in which only a few people have power.
Tyrant - definition
A leader who held power through the use of force.
Democracy - definition
A type of government in which people rule themselves.
Explain why red dye was sometimes used in Athenian democracy.
To touch peoples clothing and identify who had to go to the assembly (or pay a huge fine).
Direct democracy - definition
If citizens can participate directly in government.
Who ruled a city-state BEFORE aristocrats took over?
A king.
When did Peisistratus overthrow the oligarchy?
In 546 BC.
What is Draco known for?
Creating new and harsh rules in Athens.
When did Pericles rule the Athenian government?
From about 460BC until his death in 429BC.
Representative democracy - definition
In this system, the citizens elect officials to represent them in the government.
Who are aristocrats?
Rich landowners.
What is the modern meaning of the word 'tyrant'?
A ruler who is harsh.
When did Solon create new laws in Athens?
in the 590's BC.
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Who have a right to vote in Athens?
Only free male citizens (so, women, slaves, foreigners not).
What roles did the aristocrats take on in ancient Athenian oligarchy?
The ran the city's economy, and served as its generals and judges.
Why were tyrants able to stay in power?
Because they had strong armies and were supported by the people.
When did Cleisthenes introduce democracy in Athens?
Around 500BC.
Name one change that Pericles made to Athenian democracy to encourage people to take part in it.
He began to pay people for their duties.
What was the Athenian citizens role in democracy?
They gathered together to discuss issues and voted. Each person's vote counted and the majority ruled.
The oligarchs briefly returned to Athens, when was this?
After the son of Peisitratus was overthrown.
Name three things that Peisitratus did for Athens.
Start new policies to unify the city; brought peace and prosperity; create news festivals; built temples and monuments.
Which two ways did people use to vote in the Athenian assembly and how many people were needed in the assembly to vote on major issues?
By show of hands or by secret ballot; about 6,000 people.
Explain the two steps (with dates, if possible) in which the Athenians lost their freedom and their democracy.
In the mid 330's BC a Macedonian king took over power and limited Athenian freedom and democracy. in the 320's a new king took over Greece and ended Athenian democracy forever.
What is separation of powers in modern US democracy?
Citizens elect some people to create laws, others to enforce laws, and others to be judges.