Chapter 1: Foundations of Government
Options: Oligarchy, Monarchy, and Dictatorship
1. A government in which a small group (business, military, etc.) holds power.
2. An autocracy in which a king, queen, or emperor exercises supreme power and power is passed along to family members.
3. A government in which the absolute power to rule is in the hands of a single individual
1. Oligarchy
2. Monarchy
3. Dictatorship
The idea that power came from the people (P___________________ S_______________________)
Popular Sovereignty
Which role of the president:
The president decides what American diplomats and ambassadors shall say to foreign governments. With the help of advisors, the president makes the foreign policy of the United States.
Chief Diplomat
which court serves as the final authority in all criminal and civil court cases.
Supreme Court
In the 19th century the Supreme Court ruled that separate but equal was acceptable in public facilities.
Plessy V Ferguson
Options:Parliamentary Democracy, Presidential Democracy, and Direct Democracy
1. Everyone votes on all issues. This still takes place in small communities like town hall meetings.
2. Citizens elect both the legislature & executive. This means that people elect members to Congress and people elect a President too.
3. Citizens only elect legislature; legislature then picks executive
1. Direct
2. Presidential
3. Parliamentary
Match the amendment to the correct definition.
1. protection from forcing you to house soldiers during time of peace
2. protection against unreasonable searches and seizures, warrants supported by oath or affirmation needed to search
3. Grand Jury for serious crimes, no double jeopardy, due process of law*, private property can’t be taken for public use without just compensation.
4. right to keep and bear arms
5. speech, press, religion, assembly, and petition
1. 3rd amendment
2. 4th amendment
3. 5th amendment
4. 2nd amendment
5. 1st amendment
Which role of the president: The president is in charge of the U.S. Armed Forces: the Army, Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard, and Marine Corps. The president decides where troops shall be stationed, where ships shall be sent, and how weapons shall be used. All military generals and admirals take their orders from the president.
Commander in Chief
What are the two parties in a civil case? What degree of evidence is required?
Plaintiff and Defendant, preponderance of evidence
the Supreme Court began to apply the 14th Amendment to the actions of states and school districts to help ensure racial equality in the United States. Ruled that separate, but equal is NOT equal and overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson decision.
Brown vs Board of Education
What does each letter in ESPN stand for? (1 point for each one correct)
E=Economic Decision Making
S=Social Order
P=Public Services
N: National Security
Which principle of government:
Each branch is limited by the other branches.
-System in which the different parts of an organization (such as a government) have powers that affect and control the other parts so that no part can become too powerful.
Checks and Balances
An individual employed by an interest group to influence government policy by making direct contact with lawmakers
Lobbyist
What are the two parties in a criminal case? What degree of evidence is required?
Defendant and Prosecution, Beyond a reasonable doubt
when people are arrested, they must be informed of their Constitutional rights including the right to an attorney and the right against self-incrimination.
Miranda vs Arizona
Options: Command Economy, Market Economy, Traditional Economy, or Mixed Economy.
1. Buyers and sellers TOTALLY control the economy. What to produce is decided by consumer choice.
2. the government controls the economy.
3. buyers and sellers have freedom with some government restrictions. The United States has a mixed economy. A combination of command, traditional, and market forces guide economic decisions.
4. Things are done as they were in the past based on tradition, customs and beliefs, including religious beliefs.
1. Market
2. Command
3. Mixed
4. Traditional
Which principle of government?
Power is shared & divided amongst the national, state, and local governments.
-sharing of government power between the federal and state governments.
Federalism
Candidates may gather signatures from citizens in order to get on the ballot in different states
Petition
If you want to EXPAND the economy, what would you do to the taxes?
Reduce them
The Supreme Court ruled that the Supreme Court could decide if laws are unconstitutional. Established Judicial Review.
Marbury vs. Madison
You really want to buy a new car, somewhat go on vacation, and even less buy a shed. You choose to spend $1,000 to put a down payment on a new car instead of taking a vacation or buying a shed. What is the opportunity cost of this decision?
Taking the vacation or shed
Which principle of government?
Laws apply to all people [“no one is above the law”]
-All people, including those who govern are bound by the law.
-law applies to government officials as much as to ordinary citizens.
-both the citizens and the government must abide by the laws.
-No individual or government body is above the law.
Rule of Law
Title ________ requires that schools provide equal athletic opportunities to girls as they do for boys.
Title IX
If you want to CONTRACT the economy, what would you do to the reserve requirement?
Increase
Challenge: The Supreme Court ruled that students who wore black armbands as a form of silent protest against the Vietnam War were within their First Amendment rights (freedom of speech) and that the armbands did not disrupt the instruction in a school.
Tinker v. Des Moines-