Chapter 1 Vocabulary
1. Define the term "Republic."
2. Define the term/concept "Indirect Democracy."
1. People select/vote Representatives to "represent" this in the sphere of government (policy-making, etc.)
2. Form of democracy in which individuals are represented by appointed representatives. (Think Congressmen and Women)
1. What is a Unicameral Legislature?
2. What Governmental Document originally established a Unicameral Legislature?
1. A-One House Congress (Congress = makes/writes laws)
2. The Articles of Confederation
1. What is a Unitary Government?
2. TRUE or FALSE: This form of Government encourages STRONG states.
1. A government that gives all key powers to the national or central government
2. FALSE! (A STRONG central government)
1. What is the Declaration of Independence?
2. Who wrote it?
3. Who was its intended audience?
1. Declared that the Colonies were "free or liberated" from British Rule.
2. Thomas Jefferson was the original author (but the document was edited 13 times prior to being sent)
3. George III, King of England
1. What is the Code of Hammurabi?
2. Why is it important?
1. A Stone Pillar from Mesopotamia placed in a public space. The Laws of the land were written on this stone for all society to see/read.
2. Standardized law (Everyone treated the SAME under the law)
1. Define Democracy.
2. What is Direct Democracy?
3. TRUE or FALSE: The government of the United States' is a Democracy.
1.
2.
3. FALSE!!! (A Republic!)
2. What House did it establish in the Constitution?
3. How are representatives voted into this House?
1. (Pro Small State) The proposal that wanted equal representation of each state in Congress regardless of the state's population.
2. The Senate
3. Two are selected from each state.
1. Define Totalitarianism.
2. TRUE or FALSE: A Totalitarian Government tends to encourage freedom of speech & free elections.
1. A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)
2. FALSE!
1. What were the Articles of Confederation?
2. Did these Articles establish a STRONG Central Government or a WEAK Central Government?
1. The first Constitution of the United States established after the Revolutionary War
2. WEAK! (No Ability to Tax and No Standing Military)
1. TRUE or FALSE: Democracy was originally formulated in the Greek city-state of SPARTA.
2. TRUE or FALSE: Democracy was originally formulated in the Greek city-state of ATHENS.
3. Define Democracy.
1. FALSE!
2. TRUE!
3. A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them
1. Define Fascism.
2. (GOOGLE THIS) What two countries during the 1930-40s were Fascist? (And no, not Germany...)
Extra Credit: Name the Dictator that ruled each country (+1 point for each name)
1. An authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization. (Generally a Dictatorship)
2. Spain (Franco) and Italy (Mussolini)
1. Define the Virginia Plan.
2. What House did it establish in the Constitution?
3. How are representatives voted into this House?
1."Large state" proposal for the new constitution, calling for proportional representation based off of a state's population
2. The House of Representatives
3. The number of representative for each state is determined by the State's population
1. Define Socialism.
2. Define Communism.
3. TRUE OR FALSE: Communism and Socialism are the EXACT SAME THING.
4. Who wrote the Communist Manifesto?
1. A political theory derived from Karl Marx & meant to inspire a society where the Government owns all factors of production.
2. A political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned by the community as a whole
3. FALSE!
4. Karl Marx and John Engle
1. All of the following answers are a major weakness in the Articles Of Confederations EXCEPT?
a. No ability to tax the various states
b. It was the first document written that unified the new nation
c. No provision was made for a Legislature or Congress
d. Did not allow the Federal government to have a standing military
(C) The Articles of Confederation established a Unicameral Legislature (a ONE House Congress)
1. Define the term PAX ROMA (Google it!).
2. TRUE or FALSE: Citizens in the Roman Empire did not enjoy any benefit from their citizenship.
3. Name someone from the Bible that used his citizenship to his benefit. (Check out the Book of ACT)
1. The Peace of Rome.
2. FALSE!
3. The Apostle Paul of Tarsus.
1. Define the term "Democracy."
2. Define the term/concept "Direct Democracy."
3. True or False: The federal government of the United States can be classified as a "direct democracy."
1. A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them
2. A form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives (Think Ancient Athens)
3. False - Republic
2. Why were they written?
3. Who wrote the Federalist Papers?
1. A series of 85 essays that were published in the New York Times. They were a response to publications made by the Anti-Federalists (Pseudonym - Publius)
2. Each Essay was constructed to argue FOR the ratification of the Constitution (Supported the Constitution)
3. Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay.
1. Define Capitalism.
2. Define Republic.
3. TRUE or FALSE: Capitalism is an economic system and NOT a governmental system.
1. Economic system that endorses private property, free enterprise, competition, supply/demand, and pairs with forms of Democracy
2. A governmental system in which citizens of a nation select representatives to represent them in their Government.
3. TRUE! (Capitalism is an ECONOMIC SYSTEM ONLY)
1. Define a Bicameral Legislature.
2. What TWO Houses were established by the United States Constitution?
1. A TWO House Congress (Congress = writes the laws of the land)
2. The House of Representatives & the Senate
1. Define/Describe the FIRST GREAT AWAKENING.
2. TRUE or FALSE: The Great Awakening emphasized humanism and secularism.
3. Name a Historical Event did emphsize Humanism and Secularism.
1. Evangelical Revival - Protestant (Spiritually united colonies for American Revolutionary War), 1730s to 1740s.
2. FALSE!
3. The Enlightenment
1. Define Monarchy.
2. Define an Oligarchy.
3. Define a Dictatorship.
1. A government ruled by a king or queen (Queen of England, R.I.P.)
2. A government ruled by a few powerful people (Communism in China)
3. A form of government in which the leader has absolute power and authority. (Castro in Cuba = 1960s)
What are the differences between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists? (List the political platforms and ideological perspectives)
ANTI-FEDERALISTS - Constitution gave the Federal government too much power, wanted a Weak central Government, feared a loss of personal freedoms (Specifically natural rights), wanted Bill of Rights, & the First Ten Amendments
FEDERALISTS - Federal System resolved the major issues sustained by the Articles of Confederation, wanted a Strong Central Government, & did not feel that the Bill of Rights was necessary
1. What kind of government existed in France prior to the French Revolution?
2. Which two Enlightenment Thinkers were from France?
3. What key documents were influenced by EACH of these Thinkers?
1. A Monarchy
2. Voltaire and Baron de Montesquieu
3. Voltaire - Bill of Rights (specifically the 5th, 6th, and 7th Amendments)
Baron de Montesquieu - The Constitution (Separation of Powers, Administrative Government, Three Branches, a Republic)
1. What is the Constitution of the United States?
2. Who wrote the Constitution?
3. What item did the ANTI-FEDERALIST demand be included to the Constitution before they agreed to ratify it?
4. What year was the Constitution ratified (officially accepted as law)?
1. A document which spells out the principles by which a government runs and the fundamental laws that govern a society
2. James Madison.
3. The Bill of Rights (the first 10 Amendments)
4. 1789
1. What two key ideas did John Locke espouse or endorse?
2. What key ideas did Voltaire endorse?
3. What key ideas did Baron de Montesquieu endorse?
4. What key ideas did Jean Jacque Rousseau espose?
1. Natural Rights (God given rights) and Consent to Govern.
2. Religious freedom and Fair/Speedy Trials
3. Administrative Government, Republic, Separation of Powers, Checks and Balances
4. Social Contract - written agreement between people and their government laying out expectations on both sides