Hobbes
A state of war; people are violent and selfish.
What is the state of nature?
The collective will of the people that aims for the common good.
What does Rousseau mean by "the general will"?
Executive, Legislative, and Judicial.
What are the three branches of government according to Montesquieu?
An agreement among individuals to form a society and a government.
What is the social contract?
He believes it corrupts individuals and creates inequality.
How does Rousseau view private property?
To prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.
What is the purpose of separation of powers?
An absolute monarchy where a sovereign has total control.
What type of government did Hobbes advocate?
That individuals must give up some freedoms for the benefit of the community. Also a book written by Rousseau.
What is the main idea of Rousseau's "The Social Contract"?
That __________ is best protected when power is not concentrated.
What did Montesquieu believe about liberty?
People are naturally self-interested and power-driven.
What is Hobbes' view on human nature?
He believes humans are inherently good but corrupted by society.
How does Rousseau's view differ from Hobbes on human nature?
It prevents tyranny and protects individual rights.
What is the significance of checks and balances?
A powerful sovereign that enforces peace and social order. Also a book written by Hobbes
What did Hobbes mean by "Leviathan"?
The idea that humans were better off in a primitive state, living freely.
What is the concept of "noble savage" in Rousseau's philosophy?
Ideas that influenced the framers of the U.S. Constitution and the concept of democracy.
What influence did Montesquieu have on modern democracies?