Principles of Government
This principle divides power between the national and state governments.
What is Federalism?
Redrawing legislative district lines to give one political party an unfair advantage.
What is Gerrymandering?
This is the system used to elect the President of the United States.
What is the Electoral College?
The power of the court to declare a law or government action unconstitutional.
What is Judicial Review?
This case established the principle of Judicial Review, giving the Supreme Court the power to declare laws or executive actions unconstitutional.
What is Marbury v. Madison (1803)?
This term referrs to the total value of all goods and services produced within a country in one year; it measures economic growth.
What is Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?
The idea that the government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights that the government cannot take away.
What is Limited Government?
This term refers to the Maryland State Legislature, consisting of a Senate and House of Delegates.
What is the MD General Assembly?
This constitutional process allows Congress to remove a President.
What is impeachment?
This term refers to the Supreme Court's authority to hear a case for the first time, typically involving disputes between states or cases involving foreign ambassadors
What is a Original Jurisdiction?
This case ruled that executive privilege is not absolute, proving that the President is not above the law.
What is U.S. v. Nixon (1974)?
This foreign policy tool involves the use of negotiations, treaties, and international agreements between nations to resolve conflicts and build alliances.
What is diplomacy?
This system allows each branch to limit the power of the other two branches.
What is Checks and Balances?
This power involves a Senator giving a long speech to delay or block a vote on a specific bill.
What is a filibuster?
This is the name for an official presidential directives that carry the force of law without Congressional approval.
What is an Executive Order?
This legal principle ensures fair treatment and protects the rights of the accused.
What is Due Process?
This case established the "one person, one vote" principle, ruling that the Supreme Court can intervene in state redistricting (gerrymandering) cases to ensure fair representation.
What is Baker v. Carr (1962)?
This is the value of the "next best" alternative that is given up when you make a choice.
What is Opportunity Cost?
This principle means that the people are the ultimate source of government power.
What is popular sovereignty?
This tool involves professionals contacting lawmakers to influence their votes on a bill.
What is lobbying?
This law limits the President's power to commit troops to combat without Congress's approval.
What is the War Powers Act?
This is the body of people who hear evidence presented by a prosecutor to decide if they can indict (formally charge) a defendant for a crime.
What is a Grand Jury?
This case protected student Free Speech as long as it does not cause a "substantial disruption" to the school day.
What is Tinker v. Des Moines Board of Education (1969)?
This is a power of the government established by the following clause of the 5th amendment.
"nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.”
What is Eminent Domain?
This principle requires that every citizen, even leaders, must follow the law.
What is Rule of Law?
While the President is limited to two terms by the 22nd Amendment, this is the current constitutional restriction on the number of times a Senator or Representative can be re-elected
What is no term limit?
The first step in the election process where voters help choose a party's presidential nominee.
What is a primary?
The process of applying the Bill of Rights to state governments through the 14th Amendment.
What is Judicial Incorporation?
This Supreme Court Case overturned Plessy v. Ferguson; ruled that "separate but equal" in public schools is inherently unequal and violates the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment.
What is Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?
The actions of the Federal Reserve to influence the economy, including adjusting the monetary supply an interest rates.
What is Monetary Policy?