Apartheid Laws and Policies
This system of racial segregation governed South Africa from 1948 to 1994.
What is Apartheid?
This campaign of 1952 encouraged people to peacefully break apartheid laws in protest.
What is the Defiance Campaign?
He was the leader of the Black Consciousness Movement and died in police custody in 1977.
Who is Steve Biko?
This law required all South Africans to be classified by race at birth.
What is the Population Registration Act?
This document, adopted in 1955, called for a non-racial democratic South Africa.
What is the Freedom Charter?
This ANC leader spent 27 years in prison and became South Africa's first black president.
Who is Nelson Mandela?
These laws restricted the movement of black South Africans and required them to carry
identification at all times.
What are Pass laws?
This trial involved over 150 activists charged with treason for promoting the Freedom Charter.
What is the Treason Trial?
She was an anti-apartheid activist known for mobilizing women to protest pass laws.
Who is Lilian Ngoyi?
Under apartheid, this act prohibited mixed-race marriages.
What is the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act?
In this 1964 trial, Nelson Mandela and other leaders were sentenced to life imprisonment.
What is the Rivonia Trial?
This ANC leader was instrumental in organizing the Defiance Campaign and later worked in exile.
Who is Oliver Tambo?
This act forcibly removed non-white South Africans from "white areas" and relocated them to
segregated townships.
What is the Group Areas Act?
This protest method involved students refusing to comply with segregated education policies, culminating in the 1976 Soweto Uprising.
What is the student boycott?
He founded the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) and led protests against apartheid, including the
Sharpeville Massacre demonstration.
Who is Robert Sobukwe?