Religion in Rome
Adopted Gods from many of the people they conquered
Polytheistic
This religion believed everything was made of atoms, nothing after death, no need to fear, lived for pleasure and avoided pain.
Epicureanism
To avoid false teachings Constantine called for a meeting of church elders known as
Council of Nicaea
Giant ampitheater in center of Rome used for violent entertainment including gladiator fights
Colosseum
Who was considered the greatest public speaker of his time
Cicero
In 509 BC the Etruscans were driven from the city and in place of the monarchy a new form of government called a ____ was established.
Republic
In this branch they voted on new laws, made declarations of war, and elected the consuls
Assembly of Centuries
ARound 450 BC the law was written down on 12 bronze tablets and displayed at the Roman Forum so it could be understood and accessible to all.
Law of 12 Tables
What 3 powerful politicians formed an alliance where they agreed to rule together and began the fall of Roman Empire?
Julius Caesar, Pompey the Great, and Marcus Crassus This was the 1st Triumvirate
Who did the west empire fall to and collapse in 476 AD
Barbarian invasions
What was considered the religious center of the city
Capitoline Hill
Believed that fate goverened all things. You should accept what happens don't worry about what you can't control lead a moral life to find happiness.
Stoicism
The Council created what that stated we believe in one God, the Father, the Amighty, Maker of heaven and earth
Nicene Creed
Every Roman city had a public one where people came to bathe and socialize.
Roman Baths
This achievement were word parts that originated from the Latin Language and can be combined with prefixes and suffixes to form new words
Latin Roots
Early Rome was led by
Etruscan Kings
In this branch of government 2 officials elected to serve for 1 year, in charge of government and army acted as judges.
Consuls
The 1st Punic War was 264-241 BC fought over the island of _____. Rome built a strong navy and dominated the war
Sicily
AFter Civil war Casesar took control as a dictator when he died a 2nd triumverate was formed with
Mark Antony, Octavian, and Lepidus 2nd Triumverate
Byzntine EMpire
What was built around 115 BC to honor the 12 main gods in Ancient Rome-Still standing today
Pantheon
Who became the 1st missionary to the Roman World
Paul
Who was the Roman Goddess of love and beauty
Venus
This was very important to roman economy and military. Were built using many layers of masonry and are still used today
Roman Roads
This was a numerical notation system using combinations of Latin letters to represent numbers.
Roman Numerals
What type of government is ruled by representatives of the people
REpublic
This was the most powerful branch of government with 300 members controlled finances and passed laws
Senate
The 2nd Punic War 218-201BC Carthage leader, Hannibal crossed the Alps with __________ to attach Northern Italy and Rome. But Hannibal had to retreat when Rome attacked Carthage, and Carthage had to give up land
War Elephants
Octavian (augustus casesar) defeated who to become the ruler of Rome in 31 BC
Marc Antony and Cleopatra
The empire borrowed money which became a problem because
they didnt collect enough taxes
What were the two greek philosophies studied as religions in Ancient Rome
Epicureanism and Stoicism
Who was a Roman emperor who persecuted the Christians and ordered many to be put to death
Nero
Who was the God of the sea
Neptune
Long channels to carry water into the cities. Can be underground tunnels, canals, or elevated bridges that use gravity to move the water.
Aqueducts
This was created by Julius Caesar where he added the leap year to it
Julian calendar
How many governing branches were there
3
These members were of the wealthy ruling class and were the onlys ones allowed in government, allowed to vote
Patricians
The 3rd Punic War 149-146 BC, Carthage fought one of Rome's allies and in retaliation Rome captured and destroyed Carthage. They conquered other lands and took control of the _______ world
Mediterranean
During Octavian's reign a period of peace and prosperity that lasted 200 years called ____ _____
Pax Romana
What groups attacked the empire
Goths, Vandals, and Huns
What was the Roman name for the king of the Gods and God of the Sky (Zeus was Greek name)
Jupiter
In 313 AD this emperor issued a decree to legalize Christianity
Constantine
Who was God of War
Mars
Built with stone and concrete and utilized the arch to make it stronger and able to span a longer distance.
Bridges
Now we use a version called the Gregorian which was based on the birth of Christ.
What were the 3 branches of government
Consuls, Senate, and Assembly of Centuries
These members were of the working class also in the army. They formed the Tribal assembly and the Tribune protected the rights and interest of the common people
Plebians
When did the fall of Roman Republic begin
59 BC
What year did the empire divide into two
395 AD
What weakened also creating the fall of the empire
Army