Particle Motion
What happens to particles when matter is heated?
They move faster.
What is a phase change?
A change from one state of matter to another.
What temperature scale do scientists (ie: meteorologists) typically use?
Celsius scale.
Why is ice less dense than water?
Ice has greater volume in solid form than in liquid form.
How does temperature affect sidewalks?
Sidewalks expand when heated and contract when cooled.
How does cooling affect particle movement?
Particles move slower
How does mass change during a phase change?
The mass remains constant.
What is the boiling point of water in degrees Celsius?
100°C.
What happens to aquatic life if solid water were denser than liquid water?
Aquatic life would be at risk as ice would sink.
What should be considered when designing bridges?
The expansion and contraction of materials due to temperature changes.
What is the particle model of matter?
A theory that explains how particles behave in different states of matter.
What happens to volume during a phase change?
The volume may change.
Describe how a thermometer works.
It measures temperature through the expansion or contraction of liquid.
How do you demonstrate that liquid water is denser than solid water?
By observing that ice floats on liquid water.
How does water's behavior in freezing temperatures affect aquatic life?
The ice layer insulates water below, protecting aquatic life.
Describe the attractive forces between particles when heated.
They weaken as particles move faster.
Name one instance of a phase change in everyday life.
Ice melting into water or water boiling into steam.
What property of water is unusual when it freezes?
It expands and is less dense than liquid water.
What safety practices should be followed when measuring temperature?
Use thermometers carefully and avoid touching hot surfaces.
What is one way to design a temperature-measuring tool?
Create a tool that uses the expansion of liquids to indicate temperature. One example is a thermoscope with alcohol, a water bottle, a straw through the lid, and sticky tack sealing the top to make it airtight.
Explain the particle movement during a phase change.
Particles change speed and distance from each other, affecting the state of matter.
Explain how temperature affects the phase of matter.
Heating can cause matter to change from solid to liquid to gas, while cooling can reverse these changes.
How does expansion or contraction relate to temperature measurement?
Expansion occurs with heating, and contraction occurs with cooling, which helps measure temperature.
Explain the significance of expansion in construction.
It affects how materials are used and designed to prevent damage from temperature changes.
Give an example of a material that expands when heated.
Metals, such as steel.