What Toxin?
Overactivates adenyate cyclase by permanently activating Gs to create "rice-water" diarrhea
Vibrio Cholerae with cholera toxin
Why can't pregnant women eat yummy Brie cheese?
How do I fix them if they do?
Listeria monocytogenes
ampicillin
A man who wants to cheat on his wife accuses his wife of being unfaithful.
What is Projection?
"Attributing an unacceptable internal impulse to an external source."
Immature
This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate in the first step of glycolysis and is regulated by insulin in the liver.
What is glucokinase?
A 28-year-old man with Crohn’s disease complains of passing fatty, floating stools that smell like something died. His doctor explains that inflammation has ruined his nutrient-absorbing capabilities in this aprt of the gut.
What is terminal ileum?
Utilizes retrograde transport and acts a protease to cleave SNARE preventing the release of GABA
Clostridium tetani with tetanospasmin
Why can't I eat reheated rice?
Whoops, I did it anyways. Fix me please.
What is Bacillus cereus (cereulide enterotoxin)?
Supportive care for you, dummy!
A patient diagnosed with cancer discusses the pathophysiology of the disease
What is Intellectualization?
"Using facts and logic to emotionally distance oneself from a stressful situation."
Immature
This enzyme deficiency causes neurodegeneration, a cherry-red macula, and developmental delay. Think onion skin lysosomes.
What is Hexosaminidase A?
Tay Sachs Disease
A 50-year-old woman tells her doctor she experiences right upper quadrant pain after eating greasy cheeseburgers. An ultrasound reveals gallstones. What are three possible diseases arising as a complication?
What are acute pancreatitis, ascending cholangitis, choledocholithiasis, biliary colic, gallstone ileus, and cholecystitis?
Inactivates the 60s ribosome by removing adenine from rRNA and damages muscusa causing bleeding
Shiga toxin from both Shigella and EHEC
Why can't I drink unpasteurized milk?Hint: I live in macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system and form non-caseating granulomas.
How do you fix me?
Brucella
Doxycycline + rifampin or streptomycin
A college student studying for a stressful exam begins sucking her thumb.
What is Fixation?
"Partially remaining at a more childish level of development."
Immature
A 25-year-old woman presents with episodic muscle pain, fatigue, and myoglobinuria after strenuous exercise. A muscle biopsy shows an accumulation of glycogen.
What is myophosphorylase or muscles glycogen phosphorylase?
Glycogen Storage Disease Type V
A 75-year-old man with a history of CAD, HTN, and HLD suddenly develops excruciating abdominal pain after a large meal, followed by bloody diarrhea. His CT scan shows bowel necrosis in the upper colon. What artery failed to supply this ischemic zone?
What is the marginal artery of Drummond?
Cross-links B region of TCR to MHC class II on APCs outside of the antigen binding site causing release of IL-1, IL-2, IFN-y, and TNF-a causing shock.
Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1) from Staph aureus
What obligate intracellular pathogen did I catch by not using condoms?
I'm not pregnant so what medication could fix me?
Chlamydiae
Doxycycline
A mafia boss makes a large donation to charity.
What is Altruism?
"Alleviating negative feelings via unsolicited generosity, which provides gratification"
Mature
After starting formula, a 2-day-old newborn presents with persistent jaundice, vomiting, and lethargy. Lab tests reveal hypoglycemia and a reducing substance/sugar in the urine, but no glucose.
What is Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase (GALT)?
Classic Galactosemia
A college student binge-eats a family-size bag of sugar-free gummy bears. Three hours later, he’s camped in the bathroom, clutching his stomach in pain. What sugar substitute is responsible for his GI apocalypse?
What is sorbitol?
Acts as an osmotic laxative in large amounts
Acts as a phosphlipase (lecithinase) that degrades tissues and cell membranes causing gas gangrene and hemolysis
Alpha toxin from Clostridium perfringens
What cigar-shaped yeast got inside me while gardening?
Fix the cutaneous disease.
Whoops, it's disseminated. Cure me.
Sporothrix schenckii
Potassium iodide
Itraconazole
After being reprimanded by her principal, a frustrated teacher returns home and criticizes her wife’s cooking instead of confronting the principal directly.
What is displacement?
"Redirection of emotions or impulses to a neutral person or object."
Immature
When poisoned by arsenic, this enzyme becomes inhibiting preventing production of the first molecule for the TCA cycle.
What is Pyruvate Dehydrogenase?
Pyruvate-> acetyl-CoA
A middle-aged man has been straining so hard on the toilet that he swears he saw Jesus. Now, he’s presenting with bright red blood on the toilet paper with severe pain. What is the sensory innervation for the bleeding appendages?
What is pudendal nerve and sacral plexus?