Organelles
What is the organelle that separates the cell from the outer environment and controls the movement of materials inside and out of the cell?
Cell membrane
In which phase of mitosis are the chromosomes pulled towards opposite poles of the cell by the spindle fibers?
Anaphase
Which organ system is responsible for facilitating gas exchange (breathing in oxygen, breathing out carbon dioxide)?
Respiratory system
What type of cells have abnormal, uncontrollable rates of cell division?
Which organelles exist only in plant cells?
Cell walls and chloroplasts.
Which phase of the cell cycle does a normally functioning cell spend most of its time in?
Interphase
Of the following, which tissue type does not exist in plant cells?
Epidermal tissue, nerve tissue, ground tissue, vascular tissue.
Nerve tissue.
List these five levels of hierarchy from least complex to most complex.
(Cell, organelle, tissue, organ system, organ)
Organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system
In which organelle are ribosomes made?
As the cell grows, the surface area to volume ratio...
Decreases.
What type of animal tissue is responsible for absorbing nutrients, reducing friction, and for the protection of organs?
Epithelial tissue
Doctors diagnose Jennifer with liver cancer. Later, they find that the cancer has spread to the lungs. What is the name of the process that has occurred? Which tumour is the primary tumour?
Metastasis has occurred, the tumour in the liver is the primary tumour.
How is a vacuole different in a plant cell compared to an animal cell? Why is this difference important for each type of cell?
In a plant cell - one large, central vacuole that helps the plant maintain turgor pressure. This helps the plant cell stay rigid in its structure.
In an animal cell - many small vacuoles that help the cell with transport of materials and waste disposal.
What form are chromosomes in during mitosis? Why is it important that they be in this form during this stage of the cell cycle?
Chromosomes are condensed (not uncondensed chromatin) during mitosis because the cell is focusing its energy on dividing and does not need to perform its normal functions by reading the information on the chromosomes.
What does it mean for a cell to be totipotent?
Totipotent means that a cell can give rise to any type of cell, including an embryonic cell.
Animal cells - cell membrane pinches and a furrow is formed before the cell splits in two.
Plant cells - a cell plate forms between the two daughter cells that becomes the cell wall.