Cell Parts
What organelle contains the DNA that controls cell activities?
Nucleus
What stage of the cell cycle must occur before mitosis so DNA can be copied?
Interphase
What molecule carries genetic instructions used to make proteins?
DNA
What term describes stem cells that can develop into many types of body cells, such as neurons, muscle, or skin?
Pluripotent
If a person’s body cannot maintain fluid balance and fight infections through a network of vessels and nodes, which body system is involved?
Lymphatic system
What cell structure provides rigid support and protection in plant cells?
Cell wall
During what stage do spindle fibres attach to chromosomes and line them up in the middle of the cell?
Metaphase
What structure forms when DNA coils tightly during cell division?
Chromosome
What type of stem cell found in adults can replace damaged cells but only within a limited group of tissues?
Multipotent
What body system produces blood cells in the bone marrow, stores minerals such as calcium, and protects vital organs like the brain and heart?
Skeletal system
What part of the cell is the site of most chemical reactions?
Cytoplasm
During which stage are sister chromatids separated and pulled to opposite sides of the cell?
Anaophase
What identical copies of a chromosome are produced after DNA replication?
Chromatids
What special ability allows stem cells to divide many times and still remain stem cells?
Self-renewal
What system transports oxygen, nutrients and hormones through the body?
Circulatory system
If ribosomes stopped functioning in a cell, what process would stop occurring?
Protein synthesis
What structure physically pulls chromatids apart during mitosis?
Spindle fibres
What process normally removes damaged or unrepairable cells to prevent cancer from developing?
Apoptosis
What type of transplant replaces damaged blood-producing stem cells in the body?
Bone marrow transplant
What body system regulates body functions using chemical messengers called hormones?
Endocrine system
What organelle stores water and waste in plant cells?
Vacuole
After mitosis is complete in a human body cell, how many chromosomes are found in each daughter cell?
46
After DNA replication in interphase, how many chromatids are present in a human cell?
92
What disease is commonly treated using stem cell transplants that replace damaged blood-forming cells?
Leukemia
What body system forms the outer protective barrier of the body and protects against bacteria, injury, and sunlight?
Integumentary system