Atomic Structure
This particle has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus.
Proton
This property increases as you move from left to right across a period because atoms attract electrons more strongly.
Electronegativity
Two atoms have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. They are called these.
isotopes
This type of bond forms between magnesium and chlorine.
ionic bond
Identify the reaction type: A + BC → AC + B
single displacement reaction
This type of bond forms when electrons are transferred between atoms.
Ionic bond
This family contains elements with 7 valence electrons and is one electron away from a full outer shell.
halogens
An atom contains 24 protons, 28 neutrons, and 24 electrons. Determine its mass number.
52
Why does sodium lose one electron instead of gaining seven?
because losing one electron requires less energy and results in a full valence shell.
Balance the equation:
H₂ + N₂ → NH₃
N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃
Elements in the same group have the same number of these electrons.
Valence electrons
Explain why potassium is more reactive than lithium.
potassium's valence electron is farther from the nucleus and easier to remove
An atom has a mass number of 80 and 35 protons. How many neutrons does it contain?
45
Determine the formula for the compound formed between aluminum and sulfur.
Al₂S₃
Identify the reaction type:
2KClO₃ → 2KCl + 3O₂
Decompostion
An atom has 17 protons and 18 electrons. What is its charge?
Charge is -1.
An element is in Period 3 and Group 16. How many electron shells and valence electrons does it have
3 shells and 6 valence electrons
An ion contains 20 protons and 18 electrons. Identify the ion.
Ca²⁺
Determine the formula for the compound formed between calcium and nitrogen.
Ca₃N₂
Balance:
Fe + O₂ → Fe₂O₃
4Fe + 3O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃
An atom has a mass number of 35 and 17 neutrons. Identify the element.
Chlorine
Predict the ion formed by selenium.
Se²⁻
An atom has 16 protons, 18 electrons, and 16 neutrons. Identify the ion and its charge.
S²⁻ (sulfide ion)
A compound contains magnesium ions and phosphate ions. Determine its chemical formula.
Mg₃(PO₄)₂
When aqueous solutions of silver nitrate (AgNO₃) and sodium chloride (NaCl) are mixed, a white precipitate forms. Identify the reaction type.
double displacement reaction.