Biology
This structure controls what enters and leaves the cell.
cell membrane
This is the pH of a neutral solution
pH 7
This line is drawn perpendicular to a mirror at the point of incidence.
normal
This gas is released when organic waste decomposes in landfills.
methane (CH₄)
This system includes the heart, blood, and blood vessels.
the circulatory system
In a leaf cross-section lab, this layer contains most chloroplasts.
palisade mesophyll
This gas is produced when acids react with some metals.
hydrogen gas
This type of image cannot be projected onto a screen.
virtual image
Ocean water absorbs excess heat from the atmosphere, causing this effect on sea levels.
thermal expansion
In optics, this type of image is formed when light rays actually meet.
a real image
Red blood cells are adapted to carry oxygen because they contain this protein.
hemoglobin
This process describes a substance breaking apart into simpler substances.
decomposition reaction
A convex lens bends light because light changes this property when entering a new medium.
speed
This natural process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere using plants.
photosynthesis
This tissue type is responsible for movement in animals.
muscle tissue
Explain how oxygen moves from the lungs to body cells.
oxygen diffuses into blood in alveoli and is transported by red blood cells to tissues
A student mixes vinegar and baking soda. Identify the gas produced and reaction type.
carbon dioxide and an acid-base reaction
A student draws a ray diagram incorrectly but still gets the correct image position. Explain why this can happen.
because correct principal rays still converge at the same location
Explain how burning fossil fuels disrupts the balance of the carbon cycle.
it adds excess CO₂ faster than natural processes can remove it
Explain how mitochondria, oxygen, and glucose are connected during cellular respiration.
mitochondria use oxygen and glucose to produce ATP (energy), releasing CO₂ and water
A student has damaged villi in the small intestine. Explain how this affects the respiratory system indirectly.
reduced nutrient absorption leads to less energy available for cellular respiration
Explain why acids conduct electricity in solution but pure water does not.
because acids produce ions in water while pure water has very few ions
Explain how the eye is similar to a camera.
both use a lens to focus light onto a surface (retina/sensor) to form an image
A city plants large numbers of trees and reduces vehicle use. Predict two long-term climate effects.
reduced CO₂ levels and slowed global warming
A plant is placed in low light, a person exercises intensely, and a chemical reaction releases gas. Explain one connection between energy, cells, and chemical reactions in all three situations.