Natural and Processed Materials
This material is processed from trees and used for writing and printing. What is it?
Paper
This natural material is used by Indigenous peoples to build teepees. What is it?
Trees
This state of matter expands the most when heated. What is it?
Gas
The change from a liquid to a solid is called _______.
Freezing
In the water cycle, _______ happens when water vapor cools and forms clouds.
Condensation
This processed material comes from a type of tree and is used to make tires. What is it?
Rubber
This type of natural material is used by First Nations, Métis, and Inuit to make water-resistant clothing. What is it?
Hide or animal skin
This state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape. What is it?
Liquid
This change of state happens when water turns to steam is called _______.
Evaporation
When rain, snow, or hail falls from clouds, it’s called _______.
Precipitation
Steel is a processed material. Name one of its natural materials.
Iron ore
Name one way the Métis interacted with natural materials for transportation.
They use birch bark to create canoes for transportation.
This property measures how much space a substance takes up. What is it?
Volume
This change of state happens when frost forms on a cold surface from water vapour is called _______.
Deposition
Name two examples of the water cycle happening in Alberta.
Snowmelt in the Rocky Mountains.
Rainfall and groundwater recharge in the Prairies.
List at least two properties that make aluminum a widely used processed material in transportation.
Lightweight, durability, corrosion resistance, good thermal conductivity, recyclability, resistance to low temperatures...
Explain the similarities and differences between the longhouse and the wigwam shelter.
Longhouses and wigwams are both traditional Indigenous shelters, but they differ in size and purpose. Longhouses are large, rectangular structures made for extended families or communities, while wigwams are smaller, dome-shaped homes meant for individual families. Both use natural materials like wood, bark, and animal hides, but their shapes and uses reflect the needs of the people who built them.
Name at least two solids that have a higher melting point than the ice.
Aluminum, copper, gold, glass
Name two everyday examples of condensation.
Water droplets on a cold glass on a hot day.
Fogging glasses when entering into a warm room in winter.
Name one way to conserve water during the summer while still respecting the water cycle.
Collect and reuse the rainwater.
Explain how glass is processed from natural materials.
Glass is made by melting sand (silica), soda ash, and limestone at very high temperatures until they become a molten liquid. This liquid is then shaped into sheets, bottles, or other forms and quickly cooled to make it solid but still transparent. The cooling process is carefully controlled to ensure the glass is strong and durable.
How do First Nations, Métis, and Inuit communities interact respectfully with the land?
First Nations, Métis, and Inuit communities respect the land as a living, sacred part of life, treating it with care and gratitude. They take only what they need, use resources wisely, and ensure the environment can heal and regenerate. Through teachings and traditions, they pass down knowledge about living in harmony with nature to protect it for future generations.
Explain why a solid has a definite volume.
A solid has a definite volume because its particles are packed closely together in a fixed arrangement. These particles are held in place by strong forces, so they cannot move freely but can only vibrate in their positions. This structure keeps the shape and size of the solid stable, giving it a definite volume.
Explain how water turns from the gas form to the liquid form.
Water changes from gas (water vapor) to liquid through a process called condensation. This happens when water vapor cools down, and the tiny particles lose energy, coming closer together to form droplets. For example, you can see this when warm air touches something cold, like a glass of ice water, and tiny drops form on the outside.
Explain how pollution affects the water cycle.
Pollution harms the water cycle by adding harmful chemicals and waste to water sources like rivers, lakes, and oceans. When polluted water evaporates, some pollutants can stay in the air, affecting rain and making it unhealthy for plants, animals, and people. This cycle spreads pollution across the environment, making it harder to have clean water everywhere.