Name of the scale used for testing the hardness of a mineral?
What is Mohs scale?
100
natural solid made up of one or more minerals
What is rock?
100
requirement for igneous rock to turn into metamorphic rock
What is heat and pressure?
100
name for the upper layer of soil
What is topsoil?
100
true or false: the rock cycle stops when volcanoes are not erupting
What is false? rocks can be forming into sedimentary and metamorphic rocks too
200
How shiny a mineral is
What is luster?
200
forms when lava cools
What is igneous rock?
200
any rock can become sedimentary rock as long as there is ____ and _____
What is weathering and erosion?
200
three layers of soil in order from the the Earth's surface to below
What is topsoil, subsoil, and bedrock?
200
explain why this statement is false: all minerals are rocks but not all rocks are minerals
What is rocks are made up of at least one type of mineral but minerals have a definite chemical makeup and physical structure
300
test for the color of the powder left behind when a mineral is scratched against an unglazed tile
What is streak?
300
Layers settle over time and bind together
What is sedimentary rock?
300
Billy says that the rock cycle only takes place underground, prove that he is wrong.
What is weathering and erosion take place above the Earth's surface and that causes sedimentary rock
300
most important factor in the process of soil formation
What is weathering?
300
processes by which rock is formed from other rock make up this
What is rock cycle?
400
Mineral A is a 7 on the Moh's Scale. Mineral B can scratch Mineral A, all of the possible hardnesses that Mineral B could be
What is 8, 9, or 10.
400
type of igneous rock that forms when magma cools slowly under earth's surface and large crystals form. May take over a thousand or tens of thousands of years for these rocks to form
What is intrusive igneous rock?
400
the effect that high temperatures and pressure can have on igneous rock
What is change igneous rock into metamorphic rock?
400
4 tests you could use to identify a mineral
What is hardness, color, streak, fluorescence, magnetic, cleavage, crystal structure, and others?
500
the name of the property that explains how minerals break and if its along a flat surface or more jagged (fracture)
What is cleavage?
500
difference between magma and lava
What is magma is melted rock under Earth's surface and lava is magma that reaches Earth's surface?
500
how sedimentary rock changes into igneous rock
What is melting?
500
decayed plant and animal matter that is found in soil
What is humus?
500
Any type of rock can become another type of rock. Explain 2 ways this can occur