Living things
What are consumers and how do consumers get energy?
Consumers include organisms that eat other organisms and this is how they get energy.
The process by which species change over time due to natural selection.
Evolution
The remains or impression of a plant or animal from a past geological age.
Fossil
What does absolute dating measure?
Absolute dating measures the exact age of a rock or fossil, typically using radioactive decay.
What are the two main things scientists examine to classify living things?
physical characteristics and chemical characteristics
What are producers and how do they get energy?
Producers include organisms that make their food through photosynthesis. They get energy from the sun.
the process by which organisms become better adapted to their environment and are more likely to survive and reproduce.
Natural selection
Organism 1: ATGCGTACG
Organism 2: ATGCGTACC
Are these two organisms closely related based on their genetic code?
Yes, the organisms are closely related, as the genetic codes differ by only one nucleotide (the last base), indicating a high level of similarity.
What is one reason absolute dating is more accurate than relative dating?
Absolute dating provides a specific age, while relative dating only gives an approximate time based on the layers surrounding the fossil.
What are the three domains of life?
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
What process allows living things to grow and develop into adults?
Growth and development are driven by cellular processes, where cells divide and specialize, allowing an organism to mature from a single cell into a complex adult.
How did adaptation help giraffes survive in savanna ecosystems?
Giraffes adapted by developing long necks to reach food in tall trees, allowing them to survive in the savanna.
How do fossils form?
Fossils form when organisms are buried by sediment, and over time, minerals replace the organic material, preserving the shape.
What is the difference between relative dating and absolute dating?
Relative dating determines the age of fossils by comparing them to other fossils, while absolute dating uses methods like carbon dating to determine a specific age.
What characteristics define the Domain Eukarya?
complex cells with a nucleus, including plants, animals, fungi, and protists.
Which characteristic of living things allows them to change over time to better survive in their environment?
Adaptation allows living things to change over time to better survive in their environment.
Give an example of an adaptation in animals.
An example is the thick fur of polar bears, which helps them survive in cold climates.
What is the significance of transitional fossils in the study of evolution?
Transitional fossils show intermediate forms between different species, providing evidence of the evolutionary process.
Which era is the oldest, and what is one defining characteristic?
The Precambrian era is the oldest, and it is defined by the appearance of the first simple life forms, like bacteria.
What is the difference between a kingdom and a domain?
A kingdom is a higher classification of life, while a domain is an even broader category that includes multiple kingdoms.
What are the basic characteristics that define living things (list 5)?
Living things need energy, can grow, reproduce, respond to their environment, and are made of cells.
Is variation within a species a good or bad thing for survival and why?
Variation within a species is generally a good thing because it increases the chances of survival, allowing some individuals to be better adapted to changing environments.
What are the 3 types of evidence that support evolution?
physical structures, similar DNA and developmental similarities (embryos)
Which era is the most recent, and what major event marks its beginning?
The Cenozoic era is the most recent, and it began with the extinction of dinosaurs and the rise of mammals.
Name 3 factors that defines the Kingdom Animalia?
The Kingdom Animalia is defined by organisms that are multicellular, heterotrophic (consume food for energy), cells lack cell walls and mostly produce sexually instead of asexually.