Particles
What happens to particles when matter is heated?
They move faster.
What scale do scientists use to measure temperature?
The Celsius scale.
What is the typical response of materials to heating?
Expansion.
What happens to the surface of a body of water when the temperature drops below freezing?
It freezes.
What happens to the attractive forces between particles as they move faster?
The attractive forces weaken.
What is defined as 0°C on the Celsius scale?
The melting/freezing point of water.
What is the typical response of materials to cooling?
Contraction.
What does the frozen surface of a large body of water create?
An insulating sheet of ice.
What occurs to the space between particles when they are heated?
The space between them increases.
What is defined as 100°C on the Celsius scale?
The boiling point of water.
What unusual property does water have in solid form compared to liquid form?
It has a greater volume in solid form
How does the insulating sheet of ice protect aquatic life?
It protects aquatic life from extreme cold temperatures.
What is a phase change?
A change from one state of matter to another.
How does a liquid thermometer measure temperature?
By using the expansion or contraction of matter.
Why is ice less dense than liquid water?
Because of its unusual property of having greater volume in solid form.
Why is water's behavior when freezing important for ecosystems?
Why is water's behavior when freezing important for ecosystems?
What remains constant during a phase change?
The mass of the matter.
What does the Celsius scale represent in relation to water?
It is based on the changes of state of water.
Why is considering a material’s response to temperature change important in infrastructure design?
It affects the construction of sidewalks, bridges, and roads.
What infrastructure considerations must be made due to water's expansion and contraction?
Designing sidewalks, bridges, and roads to accommodate changes in temperature.