Global Politics
This is one of the four key concepts in Global Politics, referring to the authority of a state to govern itself without external interference.
What is sovereignty?
Causation, Consequence, Change
Continuity, Significance, Perspective
What are the 6 Key concepts of History?
1. Free market. 2. Mixed Economies
3. Centrally Planned
a. Land. b. Labour
c. Capital (Physical, Human ). d. Entrepreneurship
What are the three major economic systems and the factors of production?
Qualitative, Quantitative, Primary, Secondary
What are the 4 types of research?
In a group setting, individuals feel less personal responsibility to act because they assume others will intervene, reducing the likelihood of any one person taking action.
What is diffusion of responsibility?
According to Joseph Nye, this type of power involves coercion or payment (e.g., military force or sanctions), while this other type involves attraction and persuasion (e.g., culture or values).
What are hard power and soft power?
This event in 1853, when U.S. warships forced Japan to open its ports to trade, shocked Japan and led to the Meiji Restoration – a period of rapid modernization that created a powerful, ambitious nation ready to expand.
What is the Shock of the West (or the arrival of Commodore Perry)?
This is the fundamental economic problem that arises because human wants are unlimited, but the resources to satisfy them are limited.
What is scarcity?
These four factors that businesses use to segment a target market include income, demographics, geographic location, and this fourth factor – which focuses on customer lifestyle, buying habits, and product usage patterns.
What is behavioural segmentation?
O peness
C onscientiousness
E xtraversion
A greeable
N euroticism
What does the acronym Ocean mean?
This theory of International Relations assumes states operate in an anarchic system, can never be certain of other states' intentions, and see power as a means to ensure their primary goal: survival.
What is structural realism?
In the PESI model for analyzing causes of Japanese expansion, the categories Political, Economic, Social, and this one – which includes beliefs like ultra‑nationalism, the divine authority of the Emperor, and Pan‑Asianism.
What is Ideological?
This subfield of economics studies the behavior and decisions of smaller units like individuals and businesses, while this other subfield studies the economy as a whole, including topics like national unemployment and inflation.
What are microeconomics and macroeconomics?
Physical Evidence, People, Price Place
What are the 4P's in the marketing mix?
Foot-in-the-door starts with a small, accepted request to secure a larger one later. Door-in-the-face starts with an intentionally extreme, rejected request to make a subsequent, smaller request seem more reasonable.
What is the difference between Foot in the Door and Door in the Face?
This concept within Liberalism has three components: multiple channels of interaction between societies, multiple issues on the global agenda, and a decline in the use of military force.
What is complex interdependence?
This 1931 event saw the Kwantung Army blow up its own railway near Mukden, blame Chinese saboteurs, and then invade Manchuria – a “point of no return” where Japan’s military effectively took control of foreign policy.
What is the Manchurian Incident?
On a supply and demand graph, this is the point where the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied. When the market price is below this point, a shortage occurs, causing upward pressure on prices.
What is market equilibrium (or equilibrium price/quantity)?
1. Producer → Retailer → Consumer
2.Producer → Wholesaler → Retailer → Customer.
Who is involved in indirect distribution?
Attribution theory is the idea that we can give a causal explanation for someone's behaviour in a given situation. We can attribute a person's behaviour or reaction to something based on
The situation itself (External).
The individual's disposition (Internal).
What is attribution theory and the 2 factors?
In the zombie apocalypse scenario, this IR theory would argue that zombies cooperate with each other (e.g., not attacking each other) because they share a very "long shadow of the future," while NGOs like Zombies Without Borders could complicate state efforts to eradicate the undead.
What is liberalism?
After the Lytton Report condemned Japan’s invasion of Manchuria, the League of Nations voted 42‑1 to accept the report. Japan’s delegate gave a defiant speech and then took this action – permanently leaving the League.
What is walking out of (or withdrawing from) the League of Nations?
This measure of responsiveness is calculated as (% change in quantity demanded) ÷ (% change in price). If demand for a good has many substitutes and is a luxury, this coefficient will typically be greater than 1, meaning it is this type of demand.
What is price elasticity of demand (specifically elastic demand)?
Premium pricing, Penatration Pricing, Loss leader pricing, Cost-plus pricing, Predatory Pricing
What are the different pricing strategies?
It investigated the bystander effect and diffusion of responsibility, demonstrating that people are much less likely to report an emergency when other passive bystanders are present.
What was the purpose of the smoke filled room experiment?