Gram Negative Cocci

Neisseria

100

Two major pathogenic species of Neisseria 

meningitidis and gonorrhoeae

200

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300

How is Neisseria meningitidis spread?

 respiratory droplets from an infected person.

400

This species of Neisseria is a slow lactose utilizer and is not normally known to be pathogenic in humans.

Neisseria lactamica

500

Neisseria gonorrhoeae can be transmitted to the baby during birth. What is this called?

Vertical Transmission or Perinatal Transmission

Testing

100

What type of testing is used to differentiate N. meningitidis, N. gonorrhoeae and Moraxella? 

Carbohydrate utilization testing

200

Which two sugars are utilized by N. meningitidis?

Glucose and Maltose

300

Sugar utilization testing yields the following results:

GLU: +
MALT: -
LAC: -
SUCR: -

What is the organism?

N. gonorrhoeae

400

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500

Laboratory diagnosis of meningococci

CSF, blood , NP swabs, scin scrapping from petechial lesions 

CSF 3 portions

1- is centrifuged and Gram stained smear are prepared for deposit

 2-inoculated on blood or chocolate agar plates and incubated at 33-36C under 5-10%CO2. Colonies will appear after 18-24 hours, can be identified by morphology and biochemical reactions

3-is incubated overnight with adding equal glucose broth, then subcutured on chokolate agar.

blood culture ( incubation 4-7days) -meningococcemia, in early cases meningitis - is often +

nP swab- for detection of carriers

Petechial lessions  MG by microscopy and culture

Autopsy meninges, lateral ventricles or the surface of the brain and spinal cord for smear/culture, before 12 hours of the death

Serolofy: detection of antibodies.

LET'S REPEAT THE PREVIOUS TOPIC

100

Gram positive cocci

clusters

Catalase positive

Coagulase negative

Novobiocin sensitive

Staphylococcus epidermidis

200

Gram positive cocci

Appear in clusters

Catalase positive

Coagulase positive

Staphylococcus aureus

300

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a

b

c

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b dance

c sing a song anyway

400

Gram positive cocci

chains

Catalase negative

Beta-hemolytic

Bacitracin sensitive

Streptococcus pyogenes

500

Gram positive Diplococcus

Catalase negative

Alpha hemolytic

Bile esculin negative

Optochin susceptible

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Culture

100

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200

True or False:

Neisseria are considered fastidious organisms.

True

300

What agar is used for the isolation of pathogenic Neisseria from specimens?

Thayer-Martin Selective Agar

400

You have colonies growing on Modified Thayer-Martin agar. Which of the following is most likely NOT growing on the plate.

Moraxella catarrhalis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Neisseria meningitidis

Moraxella

500

You pull find many gram negative diplococci in a patients CSF sample. What organism would you have in mind as you continue to work up the sample?

Neisseria meningitidis

Mixed

100

Required media for growing Haemophilus spp.

What is chocolate agar

200

Morphology  N.meningitis

Meningococci are gram-negative 

Oval or spherical shape 0.6- 0.8 arranges typically in pairs with adjacent sides flattened, they are non-motile

300

“Toxic shock syndrome” is caused by the toxin of 

a. Staphylococcus aureus 

b. Streptococcus pyoge 

c. Vibrio cholerae 

d. Candida

 

 Staphylococcus aureus

400

What color is a positive result in the carbohydrate utilization test?

Yellow

500

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