Essential or Nonessential
True or False:
Nonessential elements are words, phrases, or clauses that are not necessary, and they require commas to set them apart from the rest of the sentence.
True
Who, whoever, whom, whomever, that, which, and whose are examples of relative __________________.
pronouns
True or False
An appositive is an adjective or adjective phrase that renames the noun right next to it.
False.
An appositive is a noun or noun phrase that renames the noun right next to it.
Parallel Structure can also be called _______________________
parallelism
To correct a _____________________ modifier, all you have to do is move it to the correct spot.
misplaced
Does the sentence have a nonessential element? If so, what is it?
The book I am reading is a mystery, which happens to be my favorite genre.
Yes.
"which happens to be my favorite genre"
True or False:
Relative Clauses can be essential or nonessential.
True
What is the appositive in the following sentence?
My brother's car, a sporty red convertible with bucket seats, is the envy of my friends.
a sporty red convertible with bucket seats
faulty
To correct a dangling modifier, you must __________ words.
add
Does the following sentence need commas? Why or why not?
Sally Jones my next door neighbor has the largest farm in this area.
Yes, "my next door neighbor" is nonessential.
This sentence should have commas before and behind this phrase.
How many relative clauses are in the following sentence?
The librarian said the person who wrote the book that I was reading had spoken at a reading conference that she attended.
2
True or False:
Appositives can be essential or nonessential.
True.
Which sentence has faulty parallel structure?
1. I love going camping, listening to live music, and to take road trips.
2. Singing, gardening, and baking are some of my favorite things to do.
#1
Where is the misplaced modifier?
I will not go near the snake on the sidewalk that is hissing.
that is hissing
Is the italicized clause essential or nonessential?
My friend brought back the book that he borrowed last week.
essential
A relative clause may also be called:
an adjective clause
Which word is modified by the appositive in the following sentence?
I like spaghetti, an Italian dish with noodles and sauce.
spaghetti
Which sentence is written in passive voice?
1. John washed the dishes, which is always his evening chore.
2. The dishes were washed every evening by John.
#2
Which sentence contains a dangling modifier?
1. Yelling in the hallway, detention was assigned.
2. The group of students yelling in the hallway were assigned detention.
1. Yelling in the hallway, detention was assigned.
What is a synonym for "nonessential element"?
nonrestrictive element
Which sentence has an essential relative clause? (Commas were left out on purpose as not to give away the answer.)
1. The lady at the counter who happens to attend the same church as I do is always friendly.
2. The book that I had been waiting to read was finally available.
#2
Which sentence has an appositive, which sentence has a relative clause, and which sentence has neither:
1. Who is ready for this test?
2. The students who pay attention, take good notes, and study the most will do well on the test.
3. Mrs. Dukes, the 8th grade Language teacher, is very proud of the students' behavior this week.
#1 - neither
#2 - relative clause (who pay attention, take good notes, and study the most)
#3 - appositive (the 8th grade Language teacher)
True or False:
In most cases, sentences should be spoken or written in passive voice.
False
Label each as dangling modifier, misplaced modifier, or correct:
1. Do not pet the dog on the porch that is growling.
2. I will pick some flowers as I hike up the mountain.
3. Sleeping soundly, my alarm sounded.
1. misplaced modifier
2. correct
3. dangling modifier