Participles
When do you use the present and past participle and when do you use which?
present participle: active voice + ing
past participle: passive voice + ed
Which type of if-clause is the following sentence:
If you were a millionaire, what would you do?
When do you use the simple present, when the present perfect, when the simple past, when the past perfect?
simple present: facts, habits
present perfect: started in the past, still valid/ongoing
simple past: finished actions in past
past perfect: when one action happened further back in the past than the other
Sträfling
convict
What is the capital of Australia?
Canberra
Replace the relative clause with a participle construction:
The people who were standing nearby were watching the scene in horror.
The people standing nearby were watching the scene in horror.
Which tenses do you use in if-clause type 1?
If clause: simple present
Main clause: will-futureFill in the correct future tense forms:
Ellie stop! This is way to heavy for you to carry. I ________________ (to help) you in a second. Thanks, Pete. But it looks heavier than it is. I ________________ (to manage). John ________________________ (also, to help), he promised me last week.Ellie stop! This is way to heavy for you to carry. I will help you in a second. Thanks, Pete. But it looks heavier than it is. I'll manage. John is also going to help, he promised me last week.
Er hat eine Straftat begangen und muss bestraft werden.
He committed a crime and needs to be punished.
How many people live in Australia?
about 25 million
Replace the relative clause with a participle construction:
The sea that is constantly polluted by humans' negiligance in waste disposal is not a safe home for many marine animals anymore.
The sea constantly polluted by humans' negligance in waste disposal is not a safe home for marine animals anymore.
Fill in the correct tenses for the following sentence (if-clause type 3):
If I _____________________ (not/look) on my mobile, I ________________________ (see) that the car in front of me was slowing down.
If I hadn't looked on my mobile, I would have seen that the car in front of me was slowing down.
Fill in the correct tenses:
____________________________ (to see, ever) a really big spider?
Yes, I ________________ (to have) one in my trunk once.
And what __________________________ (to do, you) then?
Have you ever seen a really big spider?
Yes, I had one in my trunk once.
And what did you do then?
Viele Menschen möchten im Sommer eine Sonnenbräune haben und denken nicht an Hautkrebs. Jeder sollte Sonnencreme/Sonnenschutzmittel benutzen, bevor er rausgeht.
Many people want to have a suntan in summer and don't think of skin cancer. Everyone should use sunscreen before they go out.
What is the biggest city of Australia and how many inhabitants does it have?
Sydney, about 5 million
Combine the two sentences using a participle.
The Earth is home to more than 8 million species. The Earth needs to be protected.
The Earth being home to more than 8 million species needs to be protected./ Being home to more than 8 million species, the Earth needs to be protected.
In which contexts/situation do you use the three different types of if-clauses?
1) facts, sure to happen
2) likely to/could happen, but does not necessarily happen
3) refers to events in the past, cannot be changed anymore, often used to express regret or alternatives to actions in the past
Fill in the correct tense forms:
Normally, I _______________ (to go) to bed early. But yesterday, we _____________________ (to go) to see Man United. We _____________________ (to queue) for more than an hour before we ____________________ (to enter, can) the stadium.
Normally, I go to bed early. But yesterday, we went to see Man United. We had queued for more than an hour before we could enter the stadium.
Jugendliche Straftäter schämen sich später häufig für ihr Verhalten und bereuen ihre Straftat.
Juvenile offenders later often feel embarrassed about their behaviour and regret their crime.
New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia
Combine the two sentences using as many participles as possible.
Bushfires often occur in summer. They are particularly harmful for the animals that live in the affected area.Often occuring in summer, bushfires are particularly harmful for the animals living in the affected area.
Fill in the correct tense forms!
Philipp is such a lazyhead! He _____________________ (to pass) any test easily if he ______________________________ (to start) preparing for them!Philipp is such a lazyhead! He would pass any test easily if he started preparing for them!
Fill in the correct tense forms:
What _______________ (to do) next summer?
I ____________ (to plan/not, anything,yet). What about you?
I ___________ (to visit my aunt). She ____________ (to own) a farm, but sadly her husband ________________ (to pass away) last month so that she ______________ (to need) a helping hand on the farm.
What will you/are you going to do next summer?
I haven't planned anything yet. What about you?
I'm going to visit my aunt. She owns a farm, but sadly her husband passed away last month so that she needs a helping hand on the farm.
Martha nahm das Mobbing in der Schule einfach hin. Offensichtlich hatte sie dies von ihrer grausamen Familie gelernt. Letzlich wurde Martha aber ungehorsam und drohte ihren Eltern sogar.
Martha just put up with the bullying in school. Obviously she had learned this from her ghastly family. Finally/Eventually/In the end Martha became disobedient and even threatened her parents.
Explain what you can see on the Australian flag (+ what it stands for).
You can see the Union Jack on the flag = former English colony/ acknowledges history
Small stars: Southern Cross: constellation that can only be seen from the Southern Hemisphere and thus symbolises Australia's geography
Big star: Commonwealth Star: large seven-pointed star, six representing the six states of Australia and one representing the territories (Northern territory and Australian Capital territory)