TO BE/ TO DO
She _______ not happy
is
Translate into English
Menda mushuk bor
I have a cat
There ___ an apple in the fridge.
is
Alternative savol bo'lishi uchun qaysi bog'lovchi bo'lishi kerak?
or
Drivers _________ obey the traffic laws
must
I want ________ a teacher
to be
Tom has a dog. Ushbu gapning inkor shaklini ayting
Tom doesn't have a dog
Agar gapda bir nechta predmetlarning borligi sanab o’tilsa, fe’l ___________________ bilan moslashadi.
Misol ayting.
Agar gapda bir nechta predmetlarning borligi sanab o’tilsa, fe’l birinchi kelgan ot bilan moslashadi:
There is a book, two pens on the table – Stol ustida kitob va ikkita ruchka bor
There are two pens, a book on the table – Stol ustida ikkita ruchka, kitob bor
General question ga gap tuzing
Are you a student?
Can he play football?
Do you have a car?
Can va must modal fe'llarining sinonimlarini ayting
Can - could/ to be able to
Must- have to/ be to
_________ you like apples?
Do
Have va Have got fe'lining farqini ayting
1. Have got faqat hozirgi zamonda ishlatiladi, have esa turli zamonlarda ishlatilishi mumkin
2. Ularning inkor va so'roq shaklini yasashda farqi bor.
Do you have...? / Have you got...?
S+ don't/doesn't have / S+have/has not got
There is/are ni have/has fe'lidan farqini ayting.
There is/are ni have/has dan farqi, have/has biror shaxsda yoki predmetda biror nima borligini bildirsa, there is/are esa biror yerda biror nima borligini bildiradi.
I have three bags. Menda 3ta sumkalar bor
There are three fish. U yerda uchta baliqlar bor
I go to school every day
Gapdagi ega va kesimga savol tuzing
Who goes to school every day?
What do you do every day?
Be to modal fe'lini tushuntiring
Bunda ish-harakat reja bo’yicha bajarilishi kerak:
The train is to arrive at 7 o’clock
Be to modal fe’lining so’roq formasida be gap boshiga o’tadi:
Are they to meet at 7 o’clock? – Ular soat 7da uchrashishlari kerakmi?
Yes, they are – Ha
No, they are not – Yo’q
To be va to do fe'llarining ko'makchi fe'l vazifasini ayting
To be davom fe'lini va majhul nisbatni yasash uchun yordam beradi
To do so'roq va bo'lishsiz gaplarni yasash uchun ishlatiladi
Had better iborasini tushuntirib, inkor shakliga gap tuzing
Bu ibora hozirgi zamonga doir ish-harakatni bildiradi, o’tgan zamonda ishlatilmaydi. Muhim maslahat berganda yoki ogohlantirishda (bajarmasa, yomon nimadir sodir bo’ladi) ishlatiladi.
I had better not play football
Gapdagi qaysi olmoshlardan keyin no o'rniga not ishlatiladi. Kamida bir gap tuzing
Agar ot oldida some, any, many, much, few yoki sanoq son bo’lsa, no o’rniga not ishlatiladi:
There is not any map on the wall – Devorda hech qanday xarita yo’q
´I play a ball with her – Men u bilan koptok o’ynayman
Ushbu gapda egaga va to'ldiruvchiga savol tuzing. To'ldiruvchiga 2 xil ko'rinishda savol bering
Who plays a ball with her? – Kim u bilan koptok o’ynaydi?
To’ldiruvchiga savol:
With whom do you play a ball?
Who do you play a ball with?
To be able to ning can modal fe'lidan farqini ayting va misollar keltiring
To be able to insonga tegishli bo’lib, biror ishni biroz qiyinchilik bilan yengib bajarilganligini bildiradi:
Although I am sick I will be able to finish the book on time –Garchi men kasal bo’lsam ham kitobni vaqtida tugata olaman
Translate into English
U har kuni uyga vazifa bajaradi
He/ She does homework every day
Have someone do something
Have something done iboralariga darak va so'roq gaplar tuzing
I have my friend read this book.
Do you have your friend read this book?
He has his house painted.
Does he have his house painted?
The room is empty. __________ nobody inside.
There is
You know that you can do it, ___________?
I am busy, _________?
don't you
aren't I
S+ could+have+V3 (-d,-ed)
S+ couldn't+have+V3 (-d,-ed)
Tushuntiring va misollar keltiring
uO'tgan zamonda biror ish qilish imkoni bo'la turib, lekin amalga oshmagan ish-harakatlar uchun " qilsa bo'lardi, mumkin edi" ishlatiladi:
We didn't go out last night. We could have gone to the cinema - (O'tgan tunda ko'chaga chiqmadik. Kinoga borishimiz mumkin edi.)
Bunda har qanday holatda ham sodir bo'lishi mumkin bo'lmagan ish-harakatlar uchun "qila olmasdi, mumkin emas edi" degan ma'noda qo'llanilgan.
The football match was cancelled last week, Tom couldn't have played anyway because he was ill - (O'tgan hafta futbol o'yini bekor qilindi, nima bo'lganda ham Tom o'ynolmasdi chunki u kasal edi.)