Nouns and Verbs
A word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.
What is a Noun
A group of words with both a subject and a predicate that expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence.
What is an Independent Clause
A group of related words that lacks a subject, a finite verb, or both, functioning as a single part of speech.
What is a Phrase
Specific, named nouns—such as places, people, or brand names—that must always begin with capital letters.
What are Proper Nouns
This punctuation mark indicates possession or forms a contraction.
What is an Apostrophe
A verb that expresses physical or mental action, such as run, think, or build.
What is an Action Verb
A group of words containing a subject and a verb that cannot stand alone as a sentence because it does not express a complete thought.
What is a Dependent Clause
A phrase beginning with a word like under, with, over, or through followed by its object.
What is a Prepositional Phrase
This single-letter personal pronoun must always be capitalized, regardless of its position in a sentence.
What is the pronoun "I"
Use this mark to separate items in a list or a series of adjectives or verbs.
What is a Comma
A verb like is, seems, or became that links a subject to a noun or adjective describing it.
What is a Linking Verb
Words like because, although, since, and if that introduce a dependent clause.
What are Subordinating Conjunctions
An -ing verb form that functions strictly as a noun in a sentence (e.g., "Swimming is great exercise").
What is a Gerund (Gerund Phrase)
Days of the week and months require initial capitalization, but these four calendar divisions usually do not.
What are Seasons
Used at the end of a sentence.
What is a Period or other appropriate ending mark
Nouns that refer to intangible concepts, feelings, or qualities like freedom or honesty.
What are Abstract Nouns
A sentence constructed with two independent clauses joined together.
What is a Compound Sentence
A sentence that is missing a noun, verb, or does not express a complete thought.
What is a Fragment
This word must always be capitalized no matter what it is.
These paired marks enclose direct dialogue, titles of short works, or words used in a special sense.
What are Quotation Marks
A verb form that functions as an adjective, typically ending in -ing or -ed (e.g., the barking dog).
What is a Participle (Participle Adjective)
A word formed from a verb that does not act as a verb.
What is a Verbal
What is the phrase of this sentence?
Hard-working and detail-oriented, Steve excels in the classroom
Hard-working and detail-oriented
Words like north, south, or west are capitalized only when referring to these, not simple directions.
What are Specific Geographical Regions (or Sections of the Country)
Used to join two or more words functioning as a single compound modifier before a noun.
What is a Hyphen