Gravity and orbits

Equations

100

This is newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation

F=G(m₁m2)/r^2

200

This equation gives gravitational field strength.

g=GM/r^2

300

This equation is the velocity of an object in a stable circular orbit.

v=(GM/r)^1/2

400

This equation is used to find escape velocity.

v=(2GM/r)^1/2

500

This equation can be used to find the total mechanical energy of an orbiting satellite.

E=-(GMm)/2r

Kepler's Laws

100

The law that states that the orbit of the planets is elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being at one focus.

What is Kepler's First Law

200

This law stating that a line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times.

What is Kepler's Second Law?

300

What is Kepler’s Third Law in equation form?

T^2=ka^3

400

Kepler’s laws are a consequence of these physical laws.

What are Newton's Laws of Motion and Universal Gravitation?

500

The Kepler law that implies planets move faster when they are closer to the Sun?

What is Kepler's Second Law?

Relationships

100

This is how gravitational force changes in relation to distance.

What is Kepler’s Third Law in equation form?

200

How is orbital speed related to radius in circular orbits?

V is proportional to 1/r^1/2

300

As mass increases, what happens to gravitational potential energy?

It becomes more negative

400

Relationship between period and radius for circular orbit?

T∝r^3/2

500

How does orbital energy depend on radius?

E∝−1/r

Gravitational Potential Energy

100

This is the maximum gravitational potential energy.

0

200

This is what happens to gravitational potential energy when the mass of an object increases.

The gravitational potential energy increases

300

Gravitational Potential Energy in indirectly proportional to this.

What is radial distance between the 2 masses.

400

This is what it means if an objects gravitational potential energy is 0

What is, the object is at infinite distance 

500

At what point in an elliptical orbit is gravitational potential energy lowest (most negative)?

What is at perihelion?

Orbital Motion

100

This is the path which objects in orbit take.(Might be inaccurate?

What is an ellipse?

200

What are the 2 points at which an object is closest and farthest from the body it is orbiting called.

Aphelion and Perihelion

300

This is a type or orbit in which the object matches the rotation of the object it follows

What is Geosynchronous orbit

400

This is what the time it takes to make a full orbit is known as.

What is the orbital period

500

A spaceship in elliptical orbit moves from the perihelion to the aphelion, this happens to its potential and kinetic energy.  

What is an increase in gravitational potential energy and decrease in kinetic energy