Atomic Structure in Technology
$100: This property of carbon atoms allows them to form the backbone of organic molecules, essential in materials science.
Answer: What is the ability to form four covalent bonds?
$100: This term describes the study of the rates at which technological reactions occur, such as those in batteries and fuel cells.
Answer: What is Reaction Kinetics?
$100: This law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, a fundamental concept in engineering designs.
Answer: What is The First Law of Thermodynamics?
$100: This is the term for the state where a chemical process and its reverse are occurring at the same rate, and it is essential for processes like ammonia synthesis.
Answer: What is chemical equilibrium?
$100: This is the simplest form of hydrocarbon and is used as a building block in creating more complex organic molecules in synthetic chemistry.
Answer: What is methane?
$200: Name the device that manipulates atomic structure to enhance electronic signal flow, foundational in all modern electronics.
Answer: What is a Semiconductor?
$200: This device uses catalysts to accelerate chemical reactions to convert harmful car exhaust gases into less harmful substances.
Answer: What is Catalytic Converter?
$200: This type of system does not exchange energy or matter with its surroundings, often idealized in engineering calculations.
Answer: What is an Isolated System?
$200: Name the principle that explains how a system at equilibrium responds to changes in concentration, temperature, or pressure.
Answer: What is Le Chatelier's Principle?
$200: These materials are developed from organic compounds and are used to make flexible electronics and more efficient solar cells.
Answer: What are Conductive Polymers?
$300: Describe the model that revolutionized our understanding of materials at an atomic level, crucial for nanotechnology.
Answer: What is the Quantum Mechanical Model?
$300: How does increasing the temperature affect the rate of a chemical reaction, a common practice in industrial processes?
Answer: What is increases the reaction rate?
$300: These devices are designed to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another, a critical component in HVAC systems.
Answer: What are Heat Exchangers?
$300: This type of reactor uses the principles of chemical equilibrium to optimize the conversion of reactants to products continuously in industries such as pharmaceuticals.
Answer: What is the Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR)?
$300: Name the organic technology that uses small organic molecules to emit light, which has revolutionized display screens in devices from smartphones to TVs.
Answer: What are Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs)?
$400: These are engineered materials at the nanoscale where quantum mechanical effects significantly affect their properties.
Answer: What are Quantum Dots?
$400: Name the technology that involves fast reaction kinetics to convert organic materials into renewable energy quickly.
Answer: What is Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS)?
$400: Name the cycle that is the basis for the operation of most thermal power plants, involving water vapor as a working fluid.
Answer: What is the Rankine Cycle?
$400: Describe the application of equilibrium in electrochemistry that is critical for developing batteries with higher efficiency and capacity.
Answer: What is maintaining equilibrium in the electrochemical cells to maximize energy storage and minimize energy loss during charge/discharge cycles?
$400: This process involves creating long chains of organic molecules through a series of reactions, essential for producing plastics, resins, and synthetic fibers.
Answer: What is Polymerization?
$500: This principle is used to design materials with specific magnetic, electric, and optical properties by manipulating atomic distances.
Answer: What is Band Theory?
$500: This kinetic effect is exploited in digital sensors to capture and process images quickly in cameras and phones.
Answer: What is the Photoelectric Effect?
$500: Describe the efficiency limit that no heat engine can surpass according to the second law of thermodynamics.
Answer: What is Carnot Efficiency?
$500: This process, essential for producing sulfuric acid, involves maintaining a precise equilibrium between sulfur dioxide, oxygen, and sulfur trioxide.
Answer: What is a Contact Process?
$500: This innovative application of organic chemistry has led to the creation of substances that can self-heal minor damages or wear, used in automotive paints and electronics.
Answer: What is Self-healing Polymers?