A
2) Dust Bowl
Drought, windstorms hit; soil scattered for hundreds of miles, hardest hit area was the Dust Bowl (North Dakota to Texas)
4) Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR)
Democrat President who led the nation through the Great Depression and was more okay with government intervention in the economy
5) Elanor Roosevelt
First lady and social reformer
17) What caused the Great Depression?
Tariffs, war debts, farm problems, easy credit, income disparity, having excess
16) What was an economic result of the Great Depression?
People withdrew money from the banks, the gross national product was nearly in half, 90,000 businesses go bankrupt, 25% of Americans were out of work
3) Herbert Hoover
Republican president who was cautious to have the government interfere with the economy
1) Speculation
Buy on chance of a quick profit
8) Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
Created jobs renovating, building dams
Planned to create prosperity in the impoverished Tennessee Valley Region
9) Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Public works jobs for young men
Reduced unemployment
7) Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
Paid farmers to grow less food
Goal was to raise food prices by lowering supply
11) Deficit Spending
Spending more money than government takes in
13) Works Progress Administration (WPA)
Created jobs (like building roads)
Employed women to sew clothes
Employed professional writers, artists, and performers
14) Frances Perkins
Secretary of labor, first female cabinet member
6) New Deal (3 Rs)
Program that attempted to provide relief for the needy, economic recovery, financial reform
10) Fireside chat
FDR’s radio talks explaining New Deal measures
12) Huey Long
Critic of the New Deal and presidential hopeful who had a popular social program
15) Mary McLeod Bethune
Helped organize the “Black Cabinet” of African American advisers
19) How did some people respond to the Dust Bowl?
Many farm families migrated to Pacific Coast states
18) What caused the Dust Bowl?
Answers may vary: human overproduction and nature
22) What is an example of a long-lasting accomplishment of the New Deal?
Social Security Act that created the system that provides insurance for people who are retired
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) that regulates banking
21) How did FDR respond when the Supreme Court did not support every part of his New Deal program?
He proposed the “Court-packing bill,” but Congress and the press were upset with the idea. In the end justices retired and FDR was able to appoint justices without adding more judges to the court.
25) What was an environmental impact of the New Deal?
It planted trees, built hiking trails, taught about soil conservation, added to national parks, etc.
The government sponsored strip-mining and coal burning (which caused pollution)
23) How did the New Deal impact Native Americans?
The Indian Reorganization Act favored native autonomy and let tribes own land and have more say in how their children were educated and how the reservations were governed
24) How did labor unions flourish during the New Deal?
Union membership grew, they got better working conditions, increased bargaining power, and developed the sit-down strike as an important bargaining tactic
20) What was the purpose of FDR’s first fireside chat?
To discuss the need for public support of government and banks