Greek Life & Geography
In Athens, who was considered a citizen?
A male Athenian eligible to vote
Ancient Greek religion was what kind of belief system?
Polytheistic (many gods)
What sea did Rome fight to control for trade routes?
The Mediterranean Sea
Who were the wealthy upper class in Rome?
Patricians
A form of government where people vote for representatives.
Republic
What landforms caused the Greek city-states to be divided?
Mountains, islands, and seas
Name one way Greeks shared a common identity.
Language, religion, or the Olympics
Who did Rome fight in the Punic Wars?
Carthage
What was the title of the two leaders in the Roman Republic?
Consuls
Absolute ruler with total power.
Dictator
A peninsula is…?
Land surrounded on three sides by water
What do Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle have in common?
They were philosophers
What caused Rome’s triumvirates to fail?
Greed and competition among leaders
What period of peace and prosperity began under Augustus?
Pax Romana
A government led by three people with equal power.
Triumvirate
What’s the term for a chain of islands?
Archipelago
What period spread Greek culture after Alexander’s conquests?
The Hellenistic Period
Who became Rome’s first emperor after the Second Triumvirate?
Augustus (Octavian)
Judaism and Christianity were what kind of religions?
Monotheistic
Latin word meaning “commander in chief.”
Imperator (root of “Emperor”)
True or False: Athens and Sparta were always allies and supported each other equally.
False
What helped Greek ideas of philosophy and reasoning develop?
Focus on learning and rationalism
What was the result of the Punic Wars for Rome?
Rome gained land, slaves, and control of the Mediterranean. Carthage destroyed.
Why did early Christianity face persecution in Rome?
It challenged Roman religion and authority
The dominant male head of a Roman household.
Paterfamilias