City-States & Seas
This Greek word means independent city-state.
What is Polis?
From his throne on Mount Olympus, this god ruled the other Greek gods.
Who is Zeus?
This Macedonian king built a huge empire that stretched from Greece all the way to India.
Who is Alexander the Great?
After overthrowing its kings, Rome set up this type of government with elected leaders.
What is a Republic?
Crowds watched gladiators fight in this giant arena in Rome.
What is the Colosseum?
This city-state trained its boys to be soldiers from the age of seven.
Sparta
The Parthenon was built to honor this goddess of wisdom.
Who is Athena?
After the Greeks won this battle, legend says a messenger ran about 26 miles to Athens with the news.
What is Marathon?
Members of Rome's wealthy, landowning families belonged to this class.
Who are the Patricians?
Octavian took this name when he became Rome's first Emperor.
Who is Augustus Caesar?
This fortified hilltop held temples and served as a place of defense for a Greek city.
What is an acropolis?
This poet is credited with the epics the Illiad and the Odyssey.
Who is Homer?
Athens and Sparta fought each other in this long war that weakened all of Greece.
What is the Peloponnesian War?
Each year, Romans elected two of these officials to lead the government and army.
What are consuls?
This emperor legalized Christianity and moved the capital to a new city in the east.
Who is Constantine?
This sea, dotted with islands, lies between mainland Greece and Asia Minor.
What is the Aegean Sea?
This Athenian philosopher taught by asking his students probing questions.
Who is Socrates?
King Leonidas and a small Spartan force held off a giant Persian army at this narrow mountain pass.
What is Thermopylae?
This general from Carthage marched elephants across the Alps to attack Rome.
Who is Hannibal?
This Latin phrase names the long era of peace and stability in the early Roman Empire.
What was Pax Romana?
This early civilization built great palaces on the island of Crete before mainland Greek ciites rose to power.
What is the Minoan civilization?
A student of Plato, this philosopher wrote about science, logic, and government and tutored a future conqueror.
Who is Aristotle?
This term describes the blending and spread of Greek culture with Persian, Egyptian, and Indian cultures after Greek conquests.
What is Hellenism?
These officials elected by the common people, to represent them in the Senate.
What are Tribunes?
Invasion by these peoples including the Visigoths and Vandals, brought down the Western Roman Empire.
Who are the Germanic Tribes?