Minoans & Mycenaeans
This island was home to the Minoan civilization.
➡️ What is Crete?
This poet wrote The Iliad and The Odyssey.
➡️ Who is Homer?
Rule by one king.
➡️ What is a monarchy?
Athens valued education, arts, and this type of economy.
➡️ What is trade/free market?
The Greeks defeated Persia at this 490 BC battle.
➡️ What is Marathon?
The palace at Knossos is associated with this legendary creature.
➡️ What is the Minotaur?
This epic focuses on Achilles and the Trojan War.
➡️ What is The Iliad?
A ruler who takes power by force.
➡️ What is a tyrant?
Sparta had this unusual number of kings.
➡️ What is two?
The narrow pass where 300 Spartans fought Persia.
➡️ What is Thermopylae?
This natural disaster helped destroy Minoan civilization.
➡️ What is the eruption of Thera (Santorini)?
Odysseus’ excessive pride is known as this flaw.
➡️ What is hubris?
Rule by a small wealthy group.
➡️ What is an oligarchy?
The Spartan military training system was called this.
➡️ What is the Agoge?
The naval battle where Themistocles tricked Xerxes.
➡️ What is Salamis?
The Mycenaeans were known for being this type of society.
➡️ What is a warrior (militaristic) society?
This businessman discovered ruins believed to be Troy.
➡️ Who is Heinrich Schliemann?
Government where citizens vote directly.
➡️ What is direct democracy?
Athenian boys were educated to become this type of citizen.
➡️ Participating democratic citizens (educated citizens).
The 27-year war between Athens and Sparta.
➡️ What is the Peloponnesian War?
Why was Troy’s location important?
➡️ It controlled trade routes between the Aegean and Black Sea (Hellespont).
Why might Homer’s accounts not be fully historically accurate?
➡️ He lived centuries after the Trojan War.
This Athenian leader is considered the founder of democracy.
➡️ Who is Cleisthenes?
Name two major differences between Athens and Sparta.
➡️ (Examples: democracy vs. oligarchy; arts vs. military; trade vs. isolation; women’s roles differed.)
Give two reasons Athens lost the Peloponnesian War.
➡️ Plague; failed Sicilian expedition; Spartan navy with Persian help.