Greek Civilization

100

City-state near southeastern shore of mainland Greece; Chief city-state of Attica; Became center of learning, art, and culture - Pericles credited

Athens

100

Powerful group of city-states that Sparta controlled

Peleponnesian League 

100

Greek island near which Persian and Greek sea battle occurred

Salamis

100

Great teacher/philosopher who lived after Peloponnesian War

Aristotle

100

Became king at 20 years old, wanting to rule the known world; Spread Greek civilization to lands he conquered

Alexander

100

An inland city-state in the Peloponnese; settled by Persian warriors who defeated and enslaved everyone in their region

Sparta

100

Athens's form of government

Democracy

100

Leader of Athens during Golden Age (460-430 B.C.); supported democracy; Kept Athenian navy strong; Strengthened city-states; Encouraged sea trade; Improved democracy; Encourages citizens in politics

Pericles

100

King of Macedonia, Alexander the Great's father; conquered most of Greece by 388 B.C.

Philip

100

"Father of History"; wrote about Persian Wars

Herodotus

100

Most powerful city-states in all of Greece

Athens and Sparta

100

A people that attacked Greece at about 490 B.C.

Persians

100

Monument to Athens's victory over Persians

Parthenon

100

Believed in several gods and goddesses

Ancient Greeks

100

Philosopher; student of Socrates; ideas still important today

Plato

100

Officials in Sparta; 5 of these and a council of Elders held political power

Ephors

100

Plain where Athenians met Persian army, near Athens

Marathon

100

Began in 431 B.C. when Sparta attacked Athens over jealousy of other nation, border disputes, and high taxes - lasted 27 years; Athens surrendered to Sparta in 404 B.C.; True democracy gone

Peloponnesian War

100

Thought that everything was made up of atoms

Democritus

100

Important; Three types: Doric, Ionic, and Couithian

Columns

100

The best army in Greece

Spartan Army

100

Son of Darius; attacked Greece in 480 B.C.; Defeated by Greeks

Xerxes

100

Greek teacher/philosopher who taught by asking questions instead of lecturing - pursued knowledge and teaching; Didn't make the government happy, accused of corrupting the youth and disrespecting religious traditions; sentenced to death - hemlock mixed in drink

Socrates

100

"Father of medicine"; studied bodies of sick and healthy; established rules of conduct for doctors

Hippocrates

100

Monastery built on high rocks above the town of Kalampaka

Meteoras