Philosophers
Who was Socrates?
Socrates was a Greek philosopher that was known as a “controversial thinker”. He had different beliefs than the leaders of Athenian society. He often questioned people about their beliefs. He criticized the Athenian democratic system.
What is the Acropolis?
A large hill that could be easily defended. It was the center of most Greek city-states.
What is the spreading of ideas, beliefs, and culture from one group to another?
Cultural diffusion
Name the two types of Greek drama
Tragedy and comedy
What was the religion of Ancient Greece?
Polytheistic
Who was Plato?
He was a student of Socrates. He set up a school called the Academy that instructed students in math, science, and philosophy. He also created a series of dramatic plays known as dialogues.
Who was the Parthenon dedicated too?
Located on the Acropolis. An ancient temple dedicated to the goddess Athena.
What was the classical period?
After the war with Sparta and Persia, Athens began to rebuild their city and culture. This was a period of the development of architecture and arts. Philosophy, the search for wisdom was also developed and became an important part of life in Athens. Greek philosophers were important at this time and helped inspire thinkers.
What is philosophy?
A Greek word meaning love of wisdom. It is the study of nature and reality.
What did Alexander the Great's conquests affect?
Alexander’s conquests spread Greek ideas, architecture, and culture throughout the lands he conquered in Asia. Ideas and cultures from Asia influenced Greece.
Who was Aristotle?
A student of Plato who attended the Academy. Referred to as, “the intelligence of the school”. He created a system of logical inference called syllogism, which is assuming an idea is true based on the assumption that two or more ideas are true.
Ex: All animals die. A deer is an animal, therefore a deer will die.
Explain the Ancient Greeks form of sculpture.
During the Classical period, the poses and facial expressions on sculptures were more natural and lifelike. Sculptures also showed the human body as having no flaws. This style can be seen throughout Western art.
What culture did the Greek mythology influence? How?
Greek mythology influenced Roman culture. The Romans used the ideas of Greek gods to help them create their own. The Romans adopted many Greek gods, such as the goddess of love, Aphrodite. She became the Roman goddess, Venus. The leader of the Greek gods, Zeus, became the Roman god Jupiter. The Greek god of war, Ares, became the Roman god Mars.
What is mythology?
The study of myths, legends, or folk tales. They explain ideas and events in ancient and modern times.
Who were the Olympics dedicated too?
The god Zeus
What was the socratic method?
A form of teaching created by the Greek philosopher, Socrates. Socrates used questions followed by a series of debates to teach his followers. This method is still used today in education.
How did Greek architecture influence the world?
The architecture of ancient Greece has had major effects on Western architecture. The Romans picked up much of the Greek style. Greek influences in architecture still can be seen today. Many important government buildings in Washington, DC use the classic Greek styles. The White House and the U.S. Supreme Court Building are two examples.
Explain the hippocratic oath.
Those who took the oath swore to protect patients from harm. They swore to live an ethical life. Today, doctors still make a similar pledge. They make this pledge before they are licensed to practice medicine.
Why did the Ancient Greeks create myths?
To teach the people about things that they couldn't understand and explain, such as the seasons or weather.
What is democracy?
A government in which the people have the power to make political decisions. There are two types: direct and representative.
What is the scientific method?
A process that scientists use. They use it to create experiments that test hypotheses and that draw logical conclusions.
What is the Pythagorean Theorem?
The equation, a2 + b2 = c2, shows the relationship between the sides of a right triangle. It is still used in geometry today.
What was the importance of The Republic?
The Republic discusses ideas of justice and different forms of government. Plato describes an “ideal state” with three social classes. The ideas in The Republic were very different from the philosophies of other ancient cultures. Plato believed that rulers earned the right to rule by making wise decisions.
Why was Socrates known as a "controversial thinker"?
Socrates’s beliefs were different from the beliefs of the leaders of Athenian society. He believed in divine power. He believed that gods could use their powers to affect life on Earth. However, he did not believe in many of the gods most Greeks believed in.