Foundations & Colonial Influences
Why did American colonists believe in “innocent until proven guilty”?
They believed in fairness and protection from government abuse
What does the Fourth Amendment protect?
Protection from unreasonable searches and seizures.
What does “speedy trial” mean?
Trials cannot be delayed unnecessarily.
What was decided in Miranda v. Arizona?
Police must inform suspects of their rights.
Which amendment protects against forced confessions?
5th
How did British tax policies after the French and Indian War impact colonists?
They created anger because colonists were taxed without representation.
What is required before police can search property?
A warrant based on probable cause.
Why must trials be public?
To ensure transparency.
What happened in Gideon v. Wainwright?
The Court ruled states must provide lawyers.
Which amendment protects against harsh punishments, like what was seen in the intolerable act?
8th
How did colonial grievances influence the Bill of Rights?
They led to protections against government abuse
What right does the Fifth Amendment give regarding self-incrimination?
The right to remain silent.
What does the Eighth Amendment protect against?
Cruel and unusual punishment.
What did the Court decide in the in Re Gault’s case?
Minors have due process rights
How did British policies influence the Bill of Rights?
They showed what protections were needed.
How did British actions violate ideas from earlier documents like Magna Carta?
They ignored rights like fair trials and due process.
What is double jeopardy?
Being tried twice for the same crime.
What is an impartial jury?
A jury that is fair and unbiased.
What THREE rights are protected under the 14th amendment?
equal application of the laws, due process, and defining citizenship
What is the connection between writs of assistance and today’s laws?
They led to search warrant protections.
Which British action inspired the Fourth Amendment?
Writs of assistance
What is due process?
Fair procedures the government must follow.
What is bail?
Money paid for temporary release from jail.
Why are court cases important to rights?
They interpret, protect, and possible expand upon individual rights.
How does the Bill of Rights reflect rule of law?
It ensures everyone is treated fairly.