Topic 8
This group of genes are found at the basal level and are named for managing and ensuring that all basic cell processes (i.e. repair enzymes) are completed for the cell to thrive.
What are Housekeeping Genes?
This Drosophila gene has 7 regulatory sequences in the promoter that form 7 bands in the embryo.
What is Eve?
The main phospholipid in most animal cell membranes.
What are glycerophospholipids?
The movement of a molecule across a membrane that is driven by ATP hydrolysis or other forms of metabolic energy.
What is active transport?
This motif binding uses one or more zinc atoms to hold an alpha-helix and beta sheet together.
What is Zinc Finger Protein?
This cis-regulatory sequence is known to dimerize through hydrophobic interactions on just one side of the alpha helix.
What is Leucine Zipper?
This DNA modification, performed by DNA methyltransferase, generally represses gene function.
What is DNA methylation?
The enzyme that catalyzes the rapid movement of phospholipids from one monolayer to the other within the bi-layer.
What is scramblase (or flippase)?
A genetic disease caused by mutations in the gene that encodes the ABC transporter of Cl‐ ions.
What is Cystic Fibrosis?
This cellular process has the ability to produce 1000s of different proteins from a single gene by mixing exons in the final product.
What is alternate splicing?
This is a group of stress hormones that cells release during high intensity workouts or times of starvation.
What are glucocorticoids?
This is a type of RNA that facilitates X-inactivation.
What is the lncRNA Xist?
A specialized region within the cell membrane formed by lateral distribution of lipids.
What is a lipid raft?
The difference in the electrical charge on either side of a cellular membrane.
What is a membrane potential?
A channel that allows water to flow throughout the membrane of a cell.
What is an aquaporin water channel?
This is a DNA sequence that is responsible for making sure no extra cis-regulatory regions can modulate the incorrect gene.
What is an insulator sequence?
Alternative splicing can create these related proteins from the same gene.
What are isoforms?
A complex structure made up of sugars, phosphate, and a lipid tail that serves as a mechanism for attaching proteins to the outer surface of the cell membrane.
What is a GPI anchor?
A subclass of glutamate-gated ion channels that can trigger Long-Term Potentiation (LTP).
What are NMDA receptors?
This calculation can determine cell potential of an electrochemical cell membrane using non-standard conditions.
What is the Nernst equation?
This amino acid plays a critical regulatory role in the Trp operon.
What is Tryptophan?
These RNAs help to keep transposons in check, which are particularly harmful during gametogenesis.
What are piwi-interacting RNAs?
A multi-pass protein activated by light that transports H+ out of the archaeal cell membrane.
What is Bacteriorhodopsin?
The main excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS.
What is glutamate?
The two inhibitory neurotransmitters that may block or prohibit a signal to be passed within a neuron.
What are y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine?