Week 13
This transcription regulator is stored in the ER membrane and, when cholesterol is low, is sent to the Golgi, cleaved, and then enters the nucleus.
What is SREBP?
The four major ways proteins move between compartments in eukaryotic cells.
What are gated transport, transmembrane transport, vesicular transport, and engulfment?
This coat protein is responsible for vesicle formation during endocytosis at the plasma membrane.
What is clathrin?
This model describes the membrane as a dynamic structure with proteins embedded in a lipid bilayer.
What is the fluid mosaic model?
This particle binds an ER signal sequence and ribosome, directing the complex to the ER membrane.
What is the signal recognition particle (SRP)?
One type of cellular change that can trigger biomolecular condensate assembly or disassembly.
What is phosphorylation, pH, temperature, or osmolarity change?
This COPII component forms the outer coat and helps drive vesicle budding from the ER.
What is Sec13/31?
These proteins bind specific DNA sequences to regulate transcription.
What are transcription factors?
These small GTPases act like traffic controllers by regulating vesicle docking and targeting.
What are Rab proteins?
An organelle that carries out oxidation reactions, generates hydrogen peroxide, and synthesizes plasmalogens.
What is a peroxisome?
This class of proteins drives membrane fusion by forming tight complexes between vesicle and target membranes.
What are SNARE proteins?
This type of membrane protein allows ions to move rapidly across the membrane down their electrochemical gradient.
What is an ion channel?
Protein import into mitochondria commonly uses these two translocator complexes.
What are TOM and TIM complexes?
An inner mitochondrial membrane feature that helps drive protein import in addition to ATP.
What is the proton gradient (membrane potential)?
This sugar modification added in the Golgi targets proteins to lysosomes.
What is mannose-6-phosphate?
This sequence directs newly synthesized proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum.
What is a signal peptide?
This type of glycosylation begins in the ER on asparagine, while the other occurs in the Golgi on serine or threonine residues.
What are N-linked and O-linked glycosylation?
Two ER chaperones that use N-linked oligosaccharides to monitor protein folding.
What are calnexin and calreticulin?
This vesicle coat mediates transport of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.
What is COPII?
This protein complex uses ATP to disassemble SNARE complexes after membrane fusion.
What is NSF?